Задания для самостоятельной работы

1. Проделайте сравнительный анализ практической работы представителей каждого из трех аффективных подходов со следующими типами клиентов: с алкоголиком, с ребенком, боящимся школы, с семейным тираном, с безработным. В чем сходство и различия этих подходов?

2. Прочтите книгу Карла Роджерса «Л Way of Being» (Rogers, 1980). В небольших группах обсудите, как на теорию Роджерса повлияло его личное развитие и как личностно-центрированная теория могла бы быть адаптирована к образовательным, политическим, производственным, медицинским, рекреационным и управленческим условиям. Как можно определеннее охарактеризуйте особенности теории применительно к этим условиям. После того как вы придете к некоторым выводам, обсудите свои взгляды с однокурсниками.

3. Как, по вашему мнению, консультанты, придерживающиеся аффективных подходов, обращались бы с недобровольными клиентами, например с ребенком, направленным к консультанту, или с заключенным, чей приговор предполагает консультирование? Обсудите ваши идеи в парах и затем – со всей группой.

4. Ролло Мэй полагал, что лучшие консультанты – это те, кто сами были «ранены», то есть страдали и были излечены. В малых группах обсудите, на какие из своих переживаний консультанты могли бы опираться, чтобы лучше понимать себя и своих клиентов. Какие преимущества имеют консультанты, пережившие ситуации, подобные тем, с которыми сталкиваются клиенты? Каковы отрицательные стороны такого опыта?

5. В США существует приблизительно пятьдесят гештальт-институтов. С помощью вашего инструктора или библиотекаря соберите данные о как можно большем количестве этих институтов и выясните, какие типы программ обучения они предлагают. Если возможно, побеседуйте со специалистом, применявшим гештальт-подход и спросите, как он оценивает этот подход по сравнению с личностно-центрированным консультированием.

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