Index 1339

– enzymatically isolated 667

– see also lignin-carbohydrate complexes

RMP see refiner mechanical pulp

Robert, Louis-Nicholas 5, 1073

Robinia pseudoacacia, tyloses 48

Roe number 1228

roll presses, pulp washing equipment

556–557

roller conveyor, log handling 98

ROS 647–649, 655, 663, 666

rotary debarker 72, 76–77

rotary drum pressure washer, empirical

capacity model 529

rotary drum washers, pulp washing

equipment 547–550

rotor

– categories 564

– screening equipment parameters 573–575

rotor tip velocity, screening operating

parameters 577

rotor types, pulsation elements 1117

RTSTM see retention time, temperature, speed

Ruff-type degradation 796

s

S-factor 430–431

S-Mixer, Metso 620

S-rotor, pressure pulse profile 573

S-values, alkali solubility tests 1060

S2, cell wall layer 473

saccharinic acids, hot caustic extract 961

Salomix agitator, Sulzer 628

saltcake loss 537

sampling, data 1216

sand, selective removal 593

santalol 37

Santalum album, santalol 37

sapwood

– conversion to hardwood 59

– Pinus monophylla, resin acid composition

36

saturation approach, pulp washing sorption

theory 519

saturation level, absorbed sulfide ions 242

scalping screen section, chip screens 92

scanning electron microscopy 60, 404

scanning UV microspectrophotometry 60–61

scattering intensity, angular dependence

1246

scattering methods 1245

schedule management, batch cooking 376

Schiff bases, formation 1235

Schoon’s distribution function 675

Schopper-Riegler method

– freeness determination 1282

– values 1283

Schweizer’s reagent 1241

– cellulose molecular weight determination

1240

Scots pine

– chemical composition of wood 23

– total kraft cooking yield as function of

residual EA concentration 239

scraper conveyor, log handling 98

screen, streams 563

screen basket 572–573

– flow vectors 565

– wedge wire 1117

screen operating curves 592

screen plates, slotted 1117

screened yield

– as function of cooking temperature 463

– as function of HSO3

– 462

– as function of viscosity 454

– conventional, MCC® and EMCC®

cooking 297

– different [OH–] values 289

– different AQ charges 324

– polysulfide addition effect 292

– unbleached Visbatch® pulp 353, 357, 362

screening 563–572

– applications 592–594

– chips 89

– elements 1114

– equipment parameters 572–575, 600–606

– fiber fractionation 1274

– fiber passage and reject thickening

566–570

– flow regime 564–565

– furnish parameters 578–579

– machines and aggregates 1114–1120

– mechanical 89–93

– operating parameters 575–578

– pulp 561–606

– pulp processing 1113–1122

– selective fiber passage 570–572

– three-stage (cascade feedback

arrangement) 596

– two-stage (cascade feed-forward

arrangement) 598

– wood 80–88

screening efficiency 588–592

– as function of debris passage ratio and

Volumetric reject ratio 590

– as function of screening quotient and mass

reject ratio 589

1340 Index

– definition 588

screening quotient (Q) 588

– in relation to screening efficiency 589

screening zone length 567

– in relation to consistency 570

– in relation to fiber passage ratio 569

screw conveyor

– log handling 98

– shredding 550

screw reclaimer, chip storage 103

SEC see size-exclusion chromatography

second chlorine dioxide stage, effect on

brightness 758

secondary effluent treatment 1004

secondary fines, beech pulp 1020

secondary knot screens, screening and

cleaning equipment 604–605

secondary peeling 188

secondary wall, cell components 42

sedimentation, centrifugal cleaning theory

581–584

seed and fruit fibers, cell dimensions and

chemical composition 4

selective contaminant removal 592–594

selective fiber passage, screening theory

570–572

selective hydrolysis, lignin content 1227

selective lignin bromination 316

selective separation, centrifugal cleaning

theory 585–586

selectivity

– as function of initial NaOH charge 480

– chlorine dioxide bleaching 760

– delignification/purification in Visbatch®

process 363

– oxygen delignification 702, 720–721

– ozone treatment 829–840

selectivity plot

– comparison of CLF and standard batch

cooking 245

– conventional, MCC® and EMCC®

cooking 297

– different alkali ratios in spruce AS/AQ

pulping 479

– different AQ charges 323–324

– different wood species 453

– effect of polysulfide addition in CBC

process 292–293

– influence of [OH–] in CBC cooking liquor

288–289

– influence of CBC cooking temperature

290

– oxygen bleaching 629

– pine/spruce kraft cooking 226, 232

– pretreated pine/spruce kraft cooking 243

– radiata pine kraft pulp 247

self-decomposition, ozone 811

SEM see scanning electron microscopy

semi-chemical pulp 1009

– global production 9

semi-open rotor 564

semi-ring-porous woods, vessels 53

sensitivity to wood raw material, pulping

processes 1031

separate extraction, thick liquor 975

separation

– selective (centrifugal cleaning theory)

585–586

– single elements determination 1221

separation efficiency

– definition 588

– fractionation 590–592

– pulp screening and cleaning 588–592

sequential treatment, CCE and (E/O) stages

948

series feedback arrangement, two-stage

fractionation system 600

sesquiterpenic tropolone derivates,

softwoods 35

SET see single electron transfer

settling particle, forces 581

settling velocity, Newton’s law 582

SF see S-factor

SGW see stone groundwood

sheet properties 1278–1280

– mechanical 1279

shives

– deliberation 1113

– selective removal 593

short-chain alkali-soluble carbohydrates

1026–1030

short-chain carbohydrates, removal 951

short-chain hemicelluloses, removal 952

short fiber loss, in relation to long fiber

removal 592

shredding screw conveyor 550

siberian larch, chemical composition of

wood 23

side chain structures

– hydroxyl radical adducts 654

– lignin 857

side reactions

– acidic sulfite cooking 423

– inorganic 737–741

– sulfur-containing carbohydrates 422–424