CST 2015 / Dopamine_Parkinsons
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CELL SIGNALING TECHNOLOGY |
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Dopamine Signaling in Parkinson’s Disease
Normal State |
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Parkinson’s Disease State |
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Tyrosine |
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JNK |
MKK4/7 |
Cell Stress, |
Microglia |
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Cytokines |
Activation |
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Hydroxylase |
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REDD1 |
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Tyrosine |
L-DOPA |
Apoptosis |
Environmental Toxins, |
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Dopa |
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Neurotoxins |
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mTORC2 |
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Decarboxylase |
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Dopamine |
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Akt |
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Dopamine |
PINK1 |
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Dopamine |
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Cell |
Metabolism |
Parkin |
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Survival |
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Apoptosis |
ROS |
DJ-1 |
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LRRK2 Mutation |
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PINK1 Mutation |
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Genetic |
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α-synuclein |
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Mutations |
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Misfolding
Aggregation
Lewy Bodies
α-synuclein Ub
Proteosomal Degradation
D2-type |
D1-type |
D2-type |
D1-type |
AMPAR
AMPAR
NMDAR
NMDAR
β,γ Gαi AC Gαs β,γ |
Post-Synaptic Signaling Blocked |
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CDK5 |
cAMP |
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Ca2+ |
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Neurodegeneration |
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DARPP-32 |
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Na+ |
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PKA |
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DARPP-32 |
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PP1 |
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CREB CREM ATF
Transcription
Pathway Diagram Keys
Kinase |
Enzyme |
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G-protein |
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Direct Inhibitory |
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Tentative Inhibitory |
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Translocation |
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Phosphatase |
pro-apoptotic |
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Acetylase |
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Modification |
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Modification |
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Transcriptional |
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Multistep Stimulatory |
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Separation of Subunits |
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Stimulatory Modification |
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Transcription Factor |
pro-survival |
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Deacetylase |
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Modification |
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or Cleavage Products |
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Transcriptional |
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Caspase |
GAP/GEF |
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Multistep Inhibitory |
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Joining of Subunits |
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Inhibitory Modification |
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Ribosomal subunit |
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Modification |
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Receptor |
GTPase |
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Direct Stimulatory |
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Tentative Stimulatory |
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Modification |
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Modification |
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