CST 2015 / alzheimers_disease
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CELL SIGNALING TECHNOLOGY |
www.cellsignal.com |
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Amyloid Plaque and Neurofibrillary
Tangle Formation in Alzheimer’s Disease
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Normal State |
Alzheimer’s Disease State |
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Apoptosis |
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Neurofibrillary |
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Tangles |
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p35 |
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Calpain |
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Exosome-mediated |
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Nuclear translocation |
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Akt |
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CDK5 |
Secretion of Tau |
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Transcriptional regulation |
Tau |
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p25 |
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GSK-3α/β |
Activation of PKC, |
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Normal |
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Aberrant |
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Me |
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PKA, Erk2 |
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Axon |
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Neuronal |
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APP |
Pruning |
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Death |
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Hyperphosphorylation |
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Apoptosis |
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of Tau |
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Intracellular |
AICD |
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Destabilized |
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Domain |
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Microtubules |
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Casp-6 |
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PEN-2 |
γ- |
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AICD |
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α- |
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β- |
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γ- |
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ROS |
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Aph |
Secretase |
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APP Secretase |
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Formation |
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Nicastrin |
Secretase APP |
APP Secretase |
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Presenilin |
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DR6 |
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Increased Neuronal Survival, |
sAPPα |
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Aβ40/42 |
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Neutrite Outgrowth, |
N-APP |
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sAPPβ |
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Synaptic sAPPα Plasticity, |
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Cell Adhesion |
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Amyloid Plaques |
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Glucose NMDAR |
AMPAR Acetylcholine |
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Glucose |
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NMDAR AMPAR nAChR |
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AβMisfolding, |
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Aggregation |
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Transporters |
Receptors: |
Transporters |
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mAChR |
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nAChR |
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p53, Bad, |
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mAChR |
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Bax production |
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Casp-3,-9 |
and activation |
Lipid |
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Microglia |
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Peroxidation |
Activation |
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Glc Na+ |
Ca2+ |
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ROS |
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Membrane Damage |
Formation |
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Apoptosis |
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Inflammatory |
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Oxidative Stress |
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Cytokines |
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Pathway Diagram Keys |
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Kinase |
Enzyme |
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G-protein |
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Direct Inhibitory |
Tentative Inhibitory |
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Translocation |
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Phosphatase |
pro-apoptotic |
Acetylase |
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Modification |
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Modification |
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Transcriptional |
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Multistep Stimulatory |
Separation of Subunits |
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Stimulatory Modification |
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Transcription Factor |
pro-survival |
Deacetylase |
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Modification |
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or Cleavage Products |
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Transcriptional |
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Caspase |
GAP/GEF |
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Ribosomal subunit |
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Multistep Inhibitory |
Joining of Subunits |
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Inhibitory Modification |
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Modification |
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Receptor |
GTPase |
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Direct Stimulatory |
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Tentative Stimulatory |
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Modification |
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Modification |
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