Metodichka_-_Anglysky_yazyk

Conditionals are formed by using words/expressions such as unless

(Type I), providing/provided that, so/as long as, on condition (that), what if, suppose/supposing, otherwise (if not), but for, and, or (else), even if, in case of/in the event of, etc.

e.g. But for brilliant references, he wouldn’t have been hired. (Type

III)

Unless you find a responsible, experienced engineer, the project will fail. (Type I)

( = If you don’t find a responsible, experienced engineer, the project will fail.)

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We can omit if and use inversion in type I, II, III Conditionals. When if is omitted, should (I type), were (II type), had (III type) and the subject are inverted. The structure is more common in formal English.

e.g. Should he fail to book a room in a hotel, tell him he can stay at our place. (I type)

Were he with us now, he would participate in our discussion. (II type)

Had he asked for the information, we would have provided him with it. (III type)

Ex. 13 Fill in if or unless.

1.____ an employee goes above and beyond the call of duty, the company will succeed in the long run.

2.____ an employee slacks off, he should be dismissed immediately.

3.____ you understand exactly what qualities you’re looking for, you won’t hire the right people.

4.____ you find an experienced employee, you get a better, higher quality work product in little time.

5.____ you ask pointed questions, you won’t get any idea of what the employee is like.

6.____ the employee is ready to take initiative and collaborate, he will get ahead quickly.

7.____ you devote enough time to preparing for interviews, the result of your hiring process could be frustrating.

Ex.14 Match the sentence halves. What situation (real/unreal; future/present/past) is described in the sentences? What is the type of these conditional sentences?

1.If the world economy faces the jobs crisis,

2.If people are frustrated at their wages and salaries,

3.If an entrepreneur wants to attract outside capital,

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4.If a commercial bank is at risk of going bankrupt,

5.If money supply in the economy is insufficient,

a.he takes out a bank loan.

b.the central bank buys back the government securities.

c.the youth unemployment rate rises dramatically.

d.it often appeals to the central bank.

e.it makes sense to start a search for a new job.

Ex. 15 What will you do or may you do in the following situations? Are the situations possible/likely or impossible/unlikely to happen in reality?

1.if you are offered a better-paid job abroad

2.if your counterpart is not ready to cut a deal

3.if the interviewer does not take much of an interest in you as a job candidate

4.if you are late for a job interview

5.if you want to start your own business

6.if one of the subordinates slacks off

7.if your department needs computer-literate employees

8.if you find your job dull, boring and repetitive

9.if your company has to reduce costs

10.if your company has to reduce four management levels to three

Ex. 16 Imagine what would happen in the following unlikely situations.

1.if all the world’s stock exchanges crashed

2.if all full-time students had to work on a regular daily basis

3.if governments revoked all social security benefits

4.if the Internet were not in existence

5.if you stood for the presidential elections

6.if all employees took industrial action today

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7.if you were CEO of a multinational company

8.if all university professors cancelled any assessment criteria

9.if banks didn’t charge any interest for the use of borrowed money

10.if central banks didn’t supervise national commercial banks

Ex.17 Write sentence chains with if to show how things could have been different.

Example: If he hadn’t worked so hard, he wouldn’t have passed his exams. If he hadn’t passed his exams, he wouldn’t have gone to university. If he hadn’t gone to university, …

1.He worked hard → passed exams → went to university → studied languages

2.He was made redundant → applied to a job agency → was shortlisted for an interview → was invited to a job interview → passed an employment test → got a regular job

3.He lost a job → decided to start his own business → made a team of coworkers → developed an effective business plan → raised money on the Internet through crowdfunding → launched the first product

4.He put a lot of emphasis on professional development → he did a year’s off-the-job intensive training → it helped to enhance his employability → he got a promotion to the rank of a top manager

5.A rigid labour market evolved into a flexible labour market → this trend decreased job security → a lot of companies felt free to make employees redundant → the unemployment rate rose → the government had to spend more money on unemployment benefits

Ex. 18 Complete the following sentences using provided (that), so long as, on condition that.

1.I agree to work seven days a week ….

2.I agree to take a cut in salary …

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3.I agree to accept this job offer…

4.I agree to commute to work sixty miles every day…

5.We promise to familiarize ourselves with your paper qualifications …

6.I don’t mind working overtime …

7.I’ll give you a day off …

8.You’re welcome to start working for our company …

9.You can take out a loan from a bank …

10.The boss agrees to give you a pay rise …

Ex. 19 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb.

1.Fortunately, I am not a senior manager. If I ______ (run) the design department, I _____ (manage) a team of 20 designers and I ______ (be) in charge of all the design projects.

2.I work full-time. If I _____ (have) a part-time job, I ______ (get) the right work-life balance.

3.Being a student I didn’t work even part-time. If I ______ (work), I _____ (get) some hands-on valuable experience.

4.I was a freelance photographer. I ______ (not give up) the occupation if it ______ (provide) me with more job security and financial stability.

5.You _______ (work) your way up the career ladder faster if you

_____ (understand) the importance of being a good team-player.

6.If I ____ (find) an interesting job advertisement, I ______

(respond) to it by sending a CV and a covering letter.

7.If workloads _____ (not be) so heavy, I _____ (not feel) stressed out and _____ (not have) stress-related illness. Obviously I need to learn some stress management techniques.

8.If an employee ______ (slack off), he _____ (be) under threat of being fired.

9.If working environment ____ (be) bad and people ____ (need) more job safety, health and safety inspectors_______ (check) what companies are doing about heating and air-conditioning, first aid and fire precautions.

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10.We went on strike last week. We _____ (not get) any pay rise if we ____ (not require) to meet our needs and _____ (not talk) to top management representatives.

Ex. 20 Choose the correct answer (a, b, c, d).

1.__________ me the job description, I______________ find the right job candidate.

a.If you show, -

b.Unless you show, won’t be able to

c.Unless you don’t show, won’t be able to

d.Unless you will show, can’t

2.The bank _________ him a loan if it ________ that he failed to pay off the previous one.

a.wouldn’t have made, had known

b.wouldn’t have made , knew

c.wouldn’t make , would know

d.won’t make, will know

3.If I _______________ you, I ________ the facts in his references before I employed that man.

a.had been, should check

b.were, would have checked

c.were, checked

d.was, could have to check

4.You _________________ investors unless the project

______________ innovative and exciting.

a.wouldn’t have attracted, weren’t

b.wouldn’t attract, had been

c.won’t attract , is

d.won’t attract , isn’t

5.If you _______________ a start-up, you ____________ risks carefully and accurately. Otherwise you run the risk of losing all your venture capital.

a.will finance, should calculate

b.would finance, would calculate

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c.financed, should calculated

d.finance, calculate

6.I’m an HR manager. If I ___________a person for this position ,

I _____________ candidates for good attitude, first of all.

a.recruited, would shortlist

b.recruit, would shortlist

c.will recruit, shortlist

d.had recruited, would have shortlisted

7.But for his entrepreneurial enthusiasm it ___________ a lot of time to persuade sponsors to invest in public infrastructure renewal. Now everyone benefits from it.

a.would take

b.would have taken

c.will take

d.takes

8.If I ________________how deep internal disagreements between employers and employees were, I _______________ as an intermediary.

a.was realizing, wouldn’t act

b.realized, wouldn’t act

c.realized, wouldn’t have acted

d.had realized, wouldn’t have acted

9.The company _________anyone a free month’s trial on condition that they _________ credit card or bank account details.

a.offers, provide

b.will offer, will provide

c.offered, would provide

d.would have offered, provided

10.I __________ for anyone unless I ____________ they are involved in something criminal.

a.work, don’t know

b.will work, don’t know

c.will work , know

d.will work, will know

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Exam practice

Text 2

Ex. 21 Read the text and decide whether each of the following statements is true, false or not stated in the text.

Mark T for “true”, F for “false“ and N for “not stated”.

Finding the Best Candidates

The success of your organization depends on you and others in a position to hire new employees, to find the very best people possible for the job. It’s simple: if you’re able to hire better people, your business will be better too. Not everyone is meant for every job—some people, no matter how talented they may be, are ill-suited for certain jobs. Imagine what an amazing organization you would have if everyone hired was perfectly suited for their jobs.

Finding the best candidates starts with having a system that helps you track them down. The best candidates can be found anywhere— you really don’t know where you might find your next award-winning graphics artist or imaginative welder. Here are some ways to find the best job candidates for your organization:

•Taking a close look within: Before you launch a massive search for candidates outside of your organization, take a close look within. If, after you exhaust your internal candidates, no one turns up, then feel free to look outside your organization. Taking a look inside your organization first will make the process faster and less expensive while resulting in employees who are feeling that they are being given a leg up on the competition.

•Personal referrals: Many companies rely on referrals from current employees for the best candidates when jobs open up. As it turns out, this is not just a coincidence—research shows that people hired as a result of referrals from current employees work out better, stay with the company longer, and are happier. Involve your employees in the

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recruiting process by asking them to refer their talented friends and relatives.

•The Internet: Most companies have discovered the advantages of Web sites in presenting almost unlimited amounts and kinds of information about your firm and about your job openings—in text, audio, graphic, and video formats. Not only is the Internet a great way to get your recruiting information out to a wide, even international audience for minimal cost, but your Web pages are on the job 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

•Want ads: Want ads have long been one of the most commonly used ways of publicizing job openings. On the plus side, they are an easy (if expensive) way to get your message out to a large crosssection

of potential candidates — both locally or nationwide. On the minus side of the equation, running a want ad can generate a huge stack of job candidates—many of whom may be completely unqualified for your position.

•Temporary agencies: Hiring temps, or temporary employees, has turned into an effective way to hire new employees. When you hire a temp, not only do you get the benefit of his or her services, but if you like the employee’s performance, most temp agencies will allow you to hire the employee on a full-time status for a nominal fee or after a minimum time commitment. And what’s really great is that if you don’t like the temp you’re assigned, you can simply call the agency, and they will send a replacement.

•Employment agencies: Employment agencies are almost required if you’re filling a particularly specialized position or high-level executive, are recruiting in a small market, or simply prefer to outsource the recruiting and screening of your applicants. You’ll pay a lot of money for the privilege—one-third of the employee’s first year salary, or more—but you’ll probably end up with truly topnotch candidates for your job.

•Professional associations: Almost every profession has an association that looks out for their interests. Doctors have the American Medical Association, elementary school principals have

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