Theme 10 Healthy Lifestyle

Healthy lifestyle is defined as the state giving a person the optimal level of physical or mental health. It implies the absence of disease. Health status can be assessed by measuring life expectancy, mortality rates, illnesses and disabilities.

Nowadays our life is getting tougher. People live under thepress of different problems, such as social, ecological, economic ones. They constantly suffer from stress, noise and pollution in big cities, diseases and instability. A person should be strong and healthy in order to overcome all difficulties. To achieve this aim people should take care of their physical and mental health. There are several ways to do it. The state of the human organism depends on time people spend doing sports. At least everybody should do morning exercises every day. The healthiest kinds of sports are swimming, jogging and cycling.

Healthy food is also a very important factor. Obesity is the main health hazard nowadays and it causes many dangerous diseases. The daily menu should include meat, fruit and vegetables, milk product, which are rich in vitamins, fat, proteins and etc. There is no universal food product containing all nutrients in optimum quantity and in proper ratio. Healthy nutrition is possible only having a variety of different food to maintain the required balance of nutrients. On the other hand, modern diets are very popular especially among women. But some diets may be harmful for health.

Physical inactivity also arise substantial public health problems. It has been estimated that between 9 and 16% of deaths can be attributed to a sedentary lifestyle. People who are physically active tend to be healthier than their lazy peers: they experience fewer chronic degenerative diseases, especially coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke and osteoporosis. It is estimated that exercise is associated with improved immune function and decreased risk of cancer.

To be healthy, people should get rid of bad habits. Everyone should consider that cigarettes, alcohol and drugs destroy both body and brain. Cigarette smoking in combination with alcohol intake significantly increases the risk of oral cancer. Alcohol abuse is one of causative factors for liver cirrhosis. And it may result in consequential social and mental problems. Besides according to statistics most of crimes are committed by people under the influence of drugs and alcohol.

In addition it is recommended to watch TV less, avoid stress and observe proper daily routine. Unfortunately it's hard to follow all these recommendations, but every person should make his choice.

Task 1. Learn the following words and word combinations.

to imply	[ɪm'plaɪ]	означать,подразумевать
lifeexpectancy	[laɪf][ɪk'spekt(ə)nsɪ]	ожидаемая продолжительность жизни
to suffer	['sʌfə]	испытывать, страдать
todependon	[dɪ'pend][ɔn]	зависеть от чего-либо
to overcome	[ֽəuvə'kʌm]	преодолевать
to take care of	[teɪk][kɛə][əv]	заботиться, ухаживать
jogging	['ʤɔgɪŋ]	бег трусцой
health hazard	[helθ]['hæzəd]	угроза здоровью
obesity	[əu'bi:sɪtɪ ]	переедание, тучность; ожирение
nutrients	['nju:trɪənts]	питательные вещества
ratio	['reɪʃɪəu]	соотношение, пропорция
healthy nutrition	['helθɪ][nju:'trɪʃ(ə)n]	здоровое питание
to get rid of	[get][rɪd] [əv]	избавиться
habit	['hæbɪt]	привычка
to destroy	[dɪ'strɔɪ]	разрушать
intake	['ɪnteɪk]	прием, потребление
alcoholabuse	['ælkəhɔl][ə'bju:s]	чрезмерное употребление алкоголя
sedentarylifestyle	['sed(ə)nt(ə)rɪ]['laɪfstaɪl]	сидячий (малоподвижный) образ жизни
stroke	[strəuk]	инсульт
properdailyroutine	['prɔpə]['deɪlɪ][ru:'ti:n]	правильный распорядок дня

Task2. Find the following words and word-combinations in the text, reproduce the context they are used in and translate it into Russian.

1. to achieve this aim

2. to depend on

3. to do morning exercises

4. important

5. the daily menu

6. to be rich in

7. harmful

8. to stop smoking and drinking much

9. excessive alcohol consumption

10. a sedentary lifestyle

11. improved immune function

12. to avoid stress

13. to follow all these recommendations

Task 3. Answer the questions:

1. What does a healthy lifestyle mean?

2. What should people do to take care of their physical and mental health?

3. Is sport an integral part of a healthy lifestyle?

4. What kinds of sports are the healthiest?

5. What should the daily menu include?

6. What should a person do to be healthy?

7. What may alcohol abuse result in?

8. Can you name any dangerous habits?

9. Why is physical activity so important?

10. What decreases the cancer risk?

Task 4. Match the English sentences to their Russian equivalents.

Health implies the absence of disease.	Чтобы быть здоровым, людям следует избавиться от вредных привычек.
Nowadays our life is getting tougher.	Каждый человек должен выбрать между здоровым образом жизни и многочисленными болезнями.
People should do morning exercises every day.	Переедание становится причиной многих опасных заболеваний.
Overeating causes many dangerous diseases.	Сейчас наша жизнь становится более напряженной.
Diets may be harmful, if they are used in the wrong way	Здоровье означает отсутствие болезней.
To be healthy, people should get rid of their bad habits.	Сигареты, алкоголь и наркотики разрушают тело и мозг.
Cigarettes, alcohol and drugs destroy both body and brain.	Упражнения связывают с улучшенной работой иммунитета.
Most of crimes are committed by people under the influence of drugs and alcohol.	Большинство преступлений совершаются людьми, находящимися под воздействием наркотиков и алкоголя.
Exercises are associated with the improved immune function.	Людям следует делать утреннюю зарядку каждый день.
Every person has to choose between healthy lifestyle and numerous illnesses.	Диеты могут быть вредными, если их использовать неправильно.

Task5. Translate the given sentences into Russian, close your book and translate them back into English.

1. Health status can be assessed by measuring life expectancy, mortality rates, illnesses and disabilities.

2. People live under the press of different problems, such as social, ecological, economic and others.

3. A person should be strong and healthy in order to overcome all difficulties.

4. The state of the body depends on how much time people spend doing sports.

5. Healthy nutrition is possible only by eating a variety of different foods to maintain the required balance of nutrients.

6. Diets may be harmful, if they are used in the wrong way.

7. To be healthy, people should get rid of their bad habits.

8. Excessive alcohol consumption is one of a number of causative factors for liver cirrhosis.

9. People who are physically active tend to be healthier than their sedentary peers: they experience fewer chronic degenerative diseases, especially coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke and osteoporosis.

10. It's hard to follow all these recommendations, but every person has to choose between healthy lifestyle and numerous illnesses.

Task6. Retell the text.