- •Contents
- •Acknowledgments
- •Abbreviations
- •Introduction
- •Aims
- •Structure and organization
- •Levels
- •Selection criteria
- •Features
- •Exercises
- •Text work
- •Role-playing or game-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Answers
- •Unit 1
- •Towns, cities, and buildings
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •The household
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Gardens
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 2
- •The physical world
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •The animal world
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •The weather
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 3
- •The body
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Health services
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 4
- •Physical appearance
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Body language
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Game-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 5
- •Personality
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Behavior
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text B
- •Text C
- •Role-playing and game-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 6
- •Clothing, footwear, and accessories
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Food and drink
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 7
- •Perception, moods, and the mind
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Materials and textures
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 8
- •Quantity, shape, measurement, and size
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Containers
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Game-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 9
- •The arts
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •The media
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 10
- •Literature and writing
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Expression, interacting, speaking, reading, writing, and phoning
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 11
- •Leisure
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Sport
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Game-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 12
- •Travel
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Transportation
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 13
- •The life cycle
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Religion
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 14
- •Education
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Science
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Game-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 15
- •Agriculture
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Industry
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 16
- •The business world
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Employment
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 17
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Communications
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 18
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Finance
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 19
- •Geography
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •History and war
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Game-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Unit 20
- •Politics
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Social services and social issues
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Exercises
- •Level 1
- •Level 2
- •Level 3
- •Synthesis
- •Text work
- •Text A
- •Text B
- •Role-playing
- •Discussion/Composition/Activities
- •Answers to exercises
- •Unit 1
- •Unit 2
- •Unit 3
- •Unit 4
- •Unit 5
- •Unit 6
- •Unit 7
- •Unit 8
- •Unit 9
- •Unit 10
- •Unit 11
- •Unit 12
- •Unit 13
- •Unit 14
- •Unit 15
- •Unit 16
- •Unit 17
- •Unit 18
- •Unit 19
- •Unit 20
86 |
Unit 4 |
The face and hair |
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ben sbarbato, ben |
clean shaven |
rasato |
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i capelli con la riga, la |
parted hair |
scriminatura |
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i capelli striati |
streaked hair |
la carnagione scura |
swarthy skin |
il ciuffo |
tuft of hair |
la coda di cavallo |
pony-tail |
fare il broncio |
to pout, to sulk |
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farsi la treccia/le |
to plait one’s hair |
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trecce |
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il naso appuntito |
pointed nose |
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la parrucca |
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wig |
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la pelle floscia, la |
loose skin |
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pelle flaccida |
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la pelle venata |
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veiny skin |
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il viso contratto |
tense/drawn face |
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il viso stravolto |
haggard face |
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Body language
Level 1
General
agitare, muovere |
to stir |
allontanarsi da |
to move away from |
andare in giro, andare |
to go around |
intorno |
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l’andatura |
gait |
attraversare |
to go across |
avvicinarsi a |
to approach |
bighellonare |
to fidget |
cambiare posto |
to change places |
camminare |
to walk |
il cammino |
walk |
circolare |
to circulate |
la circolazione |
circulation |
cominciare |
to get going |
darsi da fare |
to bustle about |
essere in moto |
to be in constant |
perpetuo |
motion |
essere irrequieto |
to be restless |
evitare, scansare |
to avoid |
fare un passo |
to step forward |
avanti |
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la frizione |
friction |
girarsi |
to turn around |
l’irrequietezza |
restlessness |
mettersi in |
to set out |
cammino |
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il movimento |
movement |
muovere, muoversi |
to move |
passare davanti |
to pass by |
passare vicino a |
to pass near |
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il passo |
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pace |
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la postura, la positura |
posture |
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precedere |
to precede |
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seguire |
to follow |
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la traversa |
crossing |
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Specific types of movements |
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alzarsi |
to stand up, to |
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get up |
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andare avanti |
to go forward |
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andare indietro |
to go backwards |
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andare verso |
to go toward, |
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towards |
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arrampicarsi |
to climb |
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l’ascensione (f ) |
climbing |
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avanti e indietro |
back and forth |
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avanzare, progredire |
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to advance, to make |
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headway |
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cadere, cascare |
to fall |
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la caduta |
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fall |
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curvarsi, piegarsi |
to stoop |
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la discesa |
descent |
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girare/voltare a |
to turn right |
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destra |
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girare/voltare a |
to turn left |
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sinistra |
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giu` |
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down |
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inginocchiarsi |
to kneel |
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raggiungere |
to reach |
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ritirarsi |
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to withdraw |
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il ritiro |
withdrawal, retreat |
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Body language |
salire |
to climb, to go up |
la salita, l’ascesa |
ascent |
saltare |
to jump |
scendere |
to descend, to go |
scivolare |
down |
to slide, to slip |
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scivoloso |
slippery |
lo scontro |
collision |
sdraiarsi |
to lie down, to stretch |
sedersi |
out |
to sit down |
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spingere |
to push |
stare a cavalcioni |
to straddle |
su |
up |
tenersi in equilibrio |
to keep one’s balance |
tirare |
to pull |
toccare |
to touch |
il viavai (inv), |
comings and goings |
l’andirivieni |
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(m, inv) |
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Body language and actions |
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accarezzare |
to caress |
accelerare |
to accelerate |
afferrare, acchiappare |
to catch |
affrettarsi, sbrigarsi |
to hurry |
appoggiarsi a |
to lean against |
l’atteggiamento |
attitude (of the body) |
(del corpo) |
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balzare |
to leap |
battere le mani, |
to clap |
applaudire |
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bussare |
to knock |
cadere per terra |
to fall down |
capovolgere |
to overturn |
colpire, picchiare |
to hit |
correre |
to run |
crollare |
to collapse |
dare la mano |
to shake hands |
dare un calcio, |
to kick |
prendere a calci |
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errare, gironzolare, |
to wander |
girovagare |
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fare un gesto |
to make a gesture |
fare un segno con la |
to wave |
mano |
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87
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gesticolare |
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to gesticulate |
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la gesticolazione |
gesticulation |
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il gesto |
gesture |
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gettare |
to throw |
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ghermire, afferrare, |
to grab |
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agguantare |
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imbattersi in |
to bump into, to knock |
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against |
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insinuarsi |
to creep into |
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marciare |
to march |
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mirare |
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to aim |
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passeggiare, fare una |
to stroll |
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passeggiata |
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pendere |
to lean |
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piegare |
to bend |
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precipitarsi |
to dash |
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prendere a schiaffi, |
to slap |
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schiaffeggiare |
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rallentarsi |
to slow down |
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salutare |
to greet |
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scuotere, agitare |
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to shake |
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sedersi a gambe |
to sit with one’s legs |
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accavallate |
crossed |
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spargere |
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to scatter |
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stendere la mano |
to hold one’s hand out |
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to someone |
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stirare |
to stretch |
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strofinare, sfregare |
to rub |
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tenersi per mano |
to hold hands |
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trottare |
to trot |
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Head and facial movements |
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abbassare la testa |
to lower one’s head |
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alzare la testa |
to raise one’s head |
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battere le ciglia |
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to bat one’s eyelids |
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battere le palpebre |
to blink |
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fare l’occhiolino, |
to wink |
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strizzare l’occhio |
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fare le smorfie |
to grimace |
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fare un cenno |
to nod |
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girare la testa |
to turn one’s head |
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inchinarsi, chinarsi, |
to bow |
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fare un inchino |
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l’inchino |
bow |
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scuotere la testa |
to shake one’s head |
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88 |
Unit 4 |
Level 2
Specific types of movements, actions, and activities
accoccolarsi, |
to squat |
rannicchiarsi |
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affondare |
to sink |
affrettarsi |
to hurry up |
allungarsi |
to sprawl |
camminare in punta |
to tiptoe |
di piedi |
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capovolgere, ribaltare |
to topple |
ciondolare |
to mill about |
dondolarsi |
to sway |
fare capriole |
to somersault |
fare la spaccata |
to do the splits |
fracassare |
to crash |
frantumare |
to smash |
inciampare, |
to stumble |
incespicare |
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innalzare, sollevare |
to raise |
inseguire, correre |
to chase |
dietro, rincorrere |
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oziare |
to loiter |
prendere su, |
to pick up |
raccogliere |
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rimanere |
to be steady |
fermo/sicuro |
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rotolare, |
to tumble |
capitombolare |
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scagliare |
to hurtle |
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scappare |
to run away |
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schivare |
to dodge |
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strisciare carponi |
to crawl |
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sgattaiolare |
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to sneak away, |
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to scamper |
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tentennare, |
to be unsteady |
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dondolare |
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traballare, vacillare |
to stagger |
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trascinare i piedi |
to shuffle |
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zoppicare |
to limp, to hobble |
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Body language and actions |
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abbracciare |
to embrace, |
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to hug |
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accogliere a braccia |
to welcome with open |
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aperte |
arms |
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afferrare, tenere |
to grip, to hold tight |
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stretto, ghermire |
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appiccicarsi, |
to cling on |
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stringersi |
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dare un buffetto |
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to pat |
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maneggiare |
to feel (with the |
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hands), to handle |
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picchiettare |
to tap |
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pizzicare |
to pinch |
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tamburellare con le |
to drum one’s fingers |
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dita |
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tenere a distanza |
to keep at arm’s length |
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torcere |
to twist |
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Level 3
Specific types of movements
aprirsi un varco in |
to force one’s way |
mezzo alla folla |
through a crowd |
cacciare da, buttare |
to kick out |
fuori |
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cavarsela |
to wriggle out of |
formare, plasmare |
something |
to mold, to shape |
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lanciare |
to fling |
lisciare |
to stroke |
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massaggiare |
to massage |
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mollare, cedere |
to release |
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muoversi a zigzag |
to zigzag |
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pedalare |
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to pedal |
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pestare, calcare |
to stamp |
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saltellare |
to hop |
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sfilare |
to parade |
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sfiorare |
to brush against, to |
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graze |
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sfuggire |
to slip away |
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