Тема 5. ЭПический стих эдмунда спенсера и Джона Милтона

Пьянова Н. М. «Королева фей» Э.Спенсера // Из истории реализма в литературе Англии. Пермь, 1980. С. 5–13.

Бочоришвили Н. К. Слово в поэзии Э. Спенсера // Вестн. МГУ. Сер. 9. Филология. 1986. №4. С. 143–148.

Самарин Р. М. Творчество Джона Мильтона. М., 1964 (обратить внимание на с. 19–22, 26–32, 36–45, 54, 58, 62–74, 82–89, 100–102, 105–108, 200–212, 331–359, 359–363, 404–405).

Элиот Т.С. Милтон // Элиот Т. С. Избранное: Религия, культура, литература. М., 2004. С. 590–619.

Edmund Spenser (1552–1599)

The Faery Queen. Book 1. Canto 1

1

A Gentle Knight was pricking¹on the plaine,

Ycladd in mightie armes and silver shield,

Wherein old dints of deepe wounds did remaine,

The cruell markes of many a bloudy fielde;

Yet armes till that time he did never wield:

His angry steede did chide his foming bitt,

As much disdaining to the curbe to yield:

Full jolly¹knight he seemd, and faire did sitt

As one for knightly giusts²and fierce encounters fitt.

2

But on his brest a bloudie Crosse he bore,

The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,

For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore,

And dead as living ever him adored:

Upon his shield the like was also scored,

For soveraine³hope, which in his helpe he had:

Right faithful true he was in deede and word,

But of his cheere⁴did seeme too solemne sad;

Yet nothing did he dread, but ever was ydrad⁵.

3

Upon a great adventure he did bond,

That greatest Gloriana to him gave,

That greatest Glorious Queene of Faerie Lond,

To winne him worship⁶, and her grace to have,

Which of all earthly things he most did crave;

And ever as he rode, his hart did yearne

To prove his puissance in battell brave

Upon his foe, and his new force to learne;

Upon his foe, a Dragon horrible and stearne.

4

A lovely Ladie rode him faire beside,

Upon a lowly Asse more white then snow,

Yet she much whiter, but the same did hide

Under a vele, that wimpled⁷was full low,

And over all a blacke stole she did throw,

As one that inly mournd: so was she sad,

And heavie sat upon her palfrey slow:

Seemed in heart some hidden care she had,

And by her in a line a milke white lambe she lad.

5

So pure an innocent, as that same lambe,

She was in life and every vertuous lore,

And by descent from Royall lynage came

Of ancient Kings and Queenes, that had of yore

Their scepters stretcht from East to Westerne shore,

And all the world in their subjection held;

Till that infernall feend with foule uprore

Forwasted¹all their land, and them expeld:

Whom to avenge, she had this Knight from far compeld.

6

Behind her farre away a Dwarfe did lag,

That lasie seemd in being ever last,

Or wearied with bearing of her bag

Of needments at his backe. Thus as they past,

The day with cloudes was suddeine overcast,

And angry Jove an hideous storme of raine

Did poure into his Lemans²lap so fast,

That every wight to shrowd it did constrain,

And this faire couple eke to shroud themselves were fain.

7

Enforst to seeke some covert nigh at hand,

A shadie grove not far away they spide,

That promist ayde the tempest to withstand:

Whose loftie trees yclad with sommers pride,

Did spred so broad, that heavens light did hide,

Not perceable³with power of any starre:

And all within were pathes and alleies wide,

With footing worne, and leading inward farre:

Faire harbour that them seemes; so in they entred arre.

8

And foorth they passe, with pleasure forward led,

Joying to heare the birdes sweete harmony,

Which therein shrouded from the tempest dred,

Seemd in their song to scorne the cruell sky.

Much can they prayse the trees so straight and hy,

The sayling Pine, the Cedar proud and tall,

The vine-prop Elme, the Poplar never dry,

The builder Oake, sole king of forrests all,

The Aspine good for staves, the Cypresse funerall.

9

The Laurell, meed of mightie Conquerours

And Poets sage, the Firre that weepeth still,

The Willow worne of forlorne Paramours,

The Eugh obedient to the benders will,

The Birch for shaftes, the Sallow for the mill,

The Mirrhe sweete bleeding in the bitter wound,

 The warlike Beech, the Ash for nothing ill,

The fruitfull Olive, and the Platane round,

The carver Holme, the Maple seeldom inward sound.

10

Led with delight, they thus beguile the way,

Untill the blustring storme is overblowne;

When weening to returne, whence they did stray,

They cannot finde that path, which first was showne,

But wander too and fro in wayes unknowne,

Furthest from end then, when they neerest weene,

That makes them doubt, their wits be not their owne:

So many pathes, so many turnings seene,

That which of them to take, in diverse doubt they been.

JONH MILTON (1608–1674)

Paradise Lost

Book 6 (extract)

Author of evil, unknown till thy revolt,

Unnam'd in Heav'n, now plenteous, as thou seest

These Acts of hateful strife, hateful to all,

Though heaviest by just measure on thy self

And thy adherents: how hast thou disturb'd

Heav'ns blessed peace, and into Nature brought

Miserie, uncreated till the crime

Of thy Rebellion? how hast thou instill'd

Thy malice into thousands, once upright

And faithful, now prov'd false. But think not here

To trouble Holy Rest; Heav'n casts thee out

From all her Confines. Heav'n the seat of bliss

Brooks not the works of violence and Warr.

Hence then, and evil go with thee along

Thy ofspring, to the place of evil, Hell,

Thou and thy wicked crew; there mingle broiles,

Ere this avenging Sword begin thy doome,

Or som more sudden vengeance wing'd from God

Precipitate thee with augmented paine.

So spake the Prince of Angels; to whom thus

The Adversarie. Nor think thou with wind

Of airie threats to aw whom yet with deeds

Thou canst not. Hast thou turnd the least of these

To flight, or if to fall, but that they rise

Unvanquisht, easier to transact with mee

That thou shouldst hope, imperious, & with threats

To chase me hence? erre not that so shall end

The strife which thou call'st evil, but wee style

The strife of Glorie: which we mean to win,

Or turn this Heav'n it self into the Hell

Thou fablest, here however to dwell free,

If not to reign: mean while thy utmost force,

And join him nam'd ALMIGHTIE to thy aid,

I flie not, but have sought thee farr and nigh.

They ended parle, and both addrest for fight

Unspeakable; for who, though with the tongue

Of Angels, can relate, or to what things

Liken on Earth conspicuous, that may lift

Human imagination to such highth

Of Godlike Power: for likest Gods they seemd,

Stood they or mov'd, in stature, motion, arms

Fit to decide the Empire of great Heav'n.

Now wav'd thir fierie Swords, and in the Aire

Made horrid Circles; two broad Suns thir Shields

Blaz'd opposite, while expectation stood

In horror; from each hand with speed retir'd

Where erst was thickest fight, th' Angelic throng,

And left large field, unsafe within the wind

Of such commotion, such as to set forth

Great things by small, If Natures concord broke,

Among the Constellations warr were sprung,

Two Planets rushing from aspect maligne

Of fiercest opposition in mid Skie,

Should combat, and thir jarring Sphears confound.

Together both with next to Almightie Arme,

Uplifted imminent one stroke they aim'd

That might determine, and not need repeate,

As not of power, at once; nor odds appeerd

In might or swift prevention; but the sword

Of MICHAEL from the Armorie of God

Was giv'n him temperd so, that neither keen

Nor solid might resist that edge: it met

The sword of SATAN with steep force to smite

Descending, and in half cut sheere, nor staid,

But with swift wheele reverse, deep entring shar'd

All his right side; then SATAN first knew pain,

And writh'd him to and fro convolv'd; so sore

The griding sword with discontinuous wound

Pass'd through him, but th' Ethereal substance clos'd

Not long divisible, and from the gash

A stream of Nectarous humor issuing flow'd

Sanguin, such as Celestial Spirits may bleed,

And all his Armour staind ere while so bright.

Forthwith on all sides to his aide was run

By Angels many and strong, who interpos'd

Defence, while others bore him on thir Shields

Back to his Chariot; where it stood retir'd

From off the files of warr; there they him laid

Gnashing for anguish and despite and shame

To find himself not matchless, and his pride

Humbl'd by such rebuke, so farr beneath

His confidence to equal God in power.

Yet soon he heal'd; for Spirits that live throughout

Vital in every part, not as frail man

In Entrailes, Heart or Head, Liver or Reines,

Cannot but by annihilating die;

Nor in thir liquid texture mortal wound

Receive, no more then can the fluid Aire:

All Heart they live, all Head, all Eye, all Eare,

All Intellect, all Sense, and as they please,

They Limb themselves, and colour, shape or size

Assume, as likes them best, condense or rare.