Reading and developing speaking skills
Ex. 13. Read VOCABULARY and memorize new words.
Ex. 14. Compose 3-4 sentences using the words of VOCABULARY.
Ex. 15. Insert the missing letters:
T_mor; tr_nk; _nkle; superf_cial; abdom_n; el_ow; gir_le; _rist; lim_; divi_ion; refe_; pelvi_; t_orax; he_rt; l_ver; st_mach; kidn_y; l_ng; _ntestine; sple_n.
Ex. 16. Read the following words:
Pelvic; thigh; forearm; shoulder; girdle; approach; limb; thorax; superficial; chest; trunk; wrist; division; elbow; abdomen; stomach; intestine; knee.
Ex. 17. Translate the following words into Ukrainian:
Pelvic; thorax; wrist; elbow; hip; shoulder; leg; knee; superficial; limb; forearm; girdle; quadrant; pectoral; ankle; lower; associated; clinician.
Ex. 18. Read the following text:
Body regions
The body is commonly divided into several regions. They are the head, trunk, and limbs.
The head is divided into the cranial and the facial parts. The facial bones form the structure of the face. The forehead, the temples, eyes, eyebrows, the cheeks, the cheekbones, nose, oral cavity and chin compose the face.
The upper limb (or extremity) is divided into the arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand. The arm extends from the shoulder to the elbow, and the forearm extends from the elbow to the wrist. The upper limb is attached to the body by the shoulder, or pectoral girdle (the bony structure by which the limbs are attached to the body). The lower limb is divided into the thigh, knee, leg, ankle, and foot. The thigh extends from the hip to the knee, and the leg extends from the knee to the ankle. The lower limb is attached to the body by the hip, or pelvic girdle. Note that the terms arm and leg, contrary to popular usage, refer only to a portion of the respective limb.
The trunk can be divided into the thorax (chest), abdomen (region between the thorax and pelvis), and pelvis (the inferior end of the trunk, associated with the hips). The major organs are located in the trunk, such as: the heart, the lungs, the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the large and small intestines, the kidneys, the gallbladder, and bladder.
The abdomen is often subdivided superficially into four quadrants. They include the upper right, upper left, lower right, and lower left quadrants. The four-quadrant approach is commonly used by clinicians to describe the location of some organs or of a clinical problem such as pain or a tumor.
Ex. 19. Translate the following words into English:
Поділ,розподіл;лицьовачастина;тулуб;черевнапорожнина;пояс;передпліччя;коліно;гомілка;належати;тазовий;зап'ясток;нижнякінцівка;плече;серце;печінка;селезінка;кишківник;сечовийміхур;легені;відповідний.
Ex. 20. Translate the text "Body Regions" into Ukrainian.
Ex. 21. Insert the missing words:
1. The _ is divided into several regions. 2. The upper limb is divided into the arm, _, and hand. 3. The upper limb is attached to the body by the _. 4. The lower limb is divided into the _, leg,and foot. 5. The lower limb is attached to the body by the _ . 6. The _ can be divided into the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis. 7. The abdomen is often subdivided superficially into four _. 8. The four-quadrant _ is commonly used by clinicians to describe the location of underlying _ or of a clinical problem such as pain or a tumor.
Ex. 22. What is it:
Arm.
Forearm.
Thigh.
Leg.
Thorax.
Abdomen.
Pelvis.
Ex. 23. Organize the information of the text in table:
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Upper limb: |
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Head: |
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Lower limb: |
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Trunk:
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Ex. 24. Answer the questions:
1. What regions is human body divided into? 2. What parts is the upper limb divided into? 3. What parts does the lower limb consist of? 4. What girdle connects the upper limb with the trunk? 5. What girdle connects the lower limb with the trunk? 6. What parts is the trunk divided into? 7. What internal organs are located in the trunk?
Ex. 25. Retell the text "Body Regions".
Ex. 28. Read the following words with their translation and compose your own sentences:
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sternal ['stWnql] грудинний, що належить до грудини brachial ['breIkIql] плечовий femoral ['femqrql] стегновий axillary ['xksIlqrI] пахвинний genital ['GenItql] статевий, що належить до статевих органів pubic ['pjHbIk] лобковый acrominal [q'kroumInql] акроміальний, належащий до латеральної кінцівкі лопатки cubital ['kjHbItl] ліктьовий |
antebrachial ["xntI'breIkIql] такий, що належить до передпліччя cephalic [sI'fxlIk] головний cervical ['sWvIkql] шийний carpal ['kRpql] кистьовий, зап'ястний manual ['mxnjuql] ручний digital ['dIGItql] пальцевий geniculate [GI'nIkjulIt] колінний crural ['krurql] що належить до гомілки tarsal ['tRsql] заплесновий pedal ['pedl] ножний, що належить до стопи |
Ex. 29. Say all known body regions and structures.
Ex. 30. Cover the left and right sides of the figure “Body Regions and Structures” and write the necessary terms.
Ex. 31. Add the missing words:
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STRUCTURE
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REGION |
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mouth |
oral |
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armpit |
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neck |
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abdomen |
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hip |
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shoulder |
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thigh |
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leg |
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arm |
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Ex. 32. Complete the following dialogue:
What regions is human body divided into?
Human body _ .
What is the upper limb divided into?
The upper limb is divided into _ .
What is the lower limb divided into?
The lower limb _.
What does the trunk consist of?
The trunk consists of _ .
Ex. 33. Reproduce the similar dialogue.
Ex. 26. Translate the following sentences into English:
Тіло людини поділяється на кілька частин: голова, тулуб,верхні та нижні кінцівки.Верхня кінцівка поділяється на плече,передпліччя, зап'ястоктакисть. Верхня кінцівка приєднується до тулуба за допомогою плечовогопоясу. Нижня кінцівка складається зі стегна, гомілки, щиколоткитастопи.Вона прикріплюється до тулуба за допомогою тазового поясу. Тулуб поділяєтьсяна грудну клітку, черевну порожнинутатаз.
Ex. 27. Insert the missing words (be, see, talk, walk) and learn the following rhyme by heart:
Without your tongue you cannot _,
Without your feet you cannot _,
Without your eyes you cannot _,
Without your heart you cannot _.
OVERVIEW
The body is divided into several regions. They are the head, trunk, and limbs. The head is divided into the cranial and the facial parts. The upper limb is divided into the arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand. The arm extends from the shoulder to the elbow, and the forearm extends from the elbow to the wrist. The upper limb is attached to the body by the shoulder. The lower limb is divided into the thigh, knee, leg, ankle, and foot. The thigh extends from the hip to the knee, and the leg extends from the knee to the ankle. The lower limb is attached to the body by the hip, or pelvic girdle. The trunk is divided into chest, abdomen and pelvis. The principal organs of the trunk are: the heart, the lungs, the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the large and small intestines, the kidneys, the gallbladder, and bladder.
LESSON 16
HUMAN ANATOMY
(TRUNK)