Англ яз.Методичка.1 курс

Ex. 10. Answer the questions.

1. What agricultural regions can Belarus be divided into? Characterize each one. 2. How many percent of land area is used for agriculture? 3. What types of soils are there in Belarus? Are they fertile? 4. What type of farming does most of the country have? 5. What are the most important field crops?

6. What are the country’s main agricultural products? 7. What agricultural organizations is the agricultural sector in Belarus dominated by? 8. What are the greatest problems facing agriculture and forestry in Belarus?

Ex. 11. Look through the following article and find the answers to the questions:

1.What is the goal of organic farming?

2.Why don’t state owned collective farms do organic farming?

3.Why aren’t private farmers interested in organic farming?

4.Were there any organic farming projects in Belarus?

5.What are the benefits of organic farming?

Text C

Organic agriculture in Belarus – Does such thing exist?

What is known about organic, or eco-farming in Belarus? Apparently, state owned collective farms are not ready to discuss organic farming. They are under pressure to deliver the government production targets for meat, dairy and cereals. Most of them are not even getting sufficient subsidies from the state to pay taxes, loan repayments and bills for electricity, fertilizers and fuel.

Private farmers and individuals could’ve perhaps been more interested in organic farming, simply because they like to eat high quality fruit and vegetables and wish to use their pieces of land, plots and gardens sustainably by preserving fertility of soil.

But in practice it is very complicated. In fact private farmers in Belarus are not allowed to own the land. According to the Belarus Land Code all agricultural lands are the state property. The only option for a private farmer is to rent the land.

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Despite the restrictions there are dedicated enthusiasts of organic farming in Belarus. In 2006 a NGO called ―Women for the Revival of the Narotchansky District‖ (Komarovo village, Minsk Region) began the initiative to develop organic farming in the Narochansky National Park. They ran a pilot organic project using about 20 ha of land to develop organic farming best practices and provide training in organic farming.

Another group of enthusiasts was led by scientists from the Grodno Agricultural University. They organized and run a small organic farm in the

―Nadezhda‖ Rehabilitation Centre for Children from Chernobyl (Vilia district, Minsk Region). The several years’ experience was summarized in the book by S. Tarasenko and A. Sviridov ―Practice of organic farming in the Republic of Belarus‖. The book provides details of organic farming approach, methodologies and standards. There is also an economic analysis in the book which confirms that the costs of the organic produce in

―Nadezhda‖ farm is still a bit higher than the cost of similar produce from the nearby farms which do not do organic farming.

Scientists think that it is necessary to organize a National Organic Farming Round Table that will involve scientists, farmers and government agencies. Government involvement is the key to the development of organic agriculture in Belarus.

Nina Palutskaya Belarus November 2007

Ex. 12. Project Work. Working in the library or using the Internet database prepare a report about the activity of Belarusian agricultural enterprises. Be ready to present your reports.

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2.Английский язык для поступающих в вузы./ Хведченя Л. В., Хорень Р. В. Мн. ; Современная школа, 2005. – 463 с.

3.Карачарова Н. М. Английский язык. Учебник для гуманитарных факультетов. СПб.: Издательство «Лань», 1997. – 384 с.

4.Нестерчук Г. В. Иванова В. М. Поговорим о США и американцах. Мн.: Выш.

шк., 1999. – 238 с.

5.Разговорные темы по английскому языку. Методические указания, сост. Щербов А. В., Бискуп Т. И., Горки, 2000,44 с.

6.Шнайдер О. А. Английский язык: Сборник устных тем. Мн.: Современное слово, 2001.– 96 с.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

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