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підручники. біохімія / Uchebnik_po_Biokhimii_E_S_Severin

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ttaptteB>>. PaccMOTPHM ycnoBHyIO cxeMy Mern6onuqecKoro rryTH:

A _____. B ----+ C -----t D ------+ P

BemecTBO A B pe3yJihTaTe nocne;:i:oBaTeJihHhIX <t:>epMeHTaTHBHblX peaKll,HM npeBpamaeTCH B rrpo- ,IJ,YKT P. flpH ttacne,IJ,CTBeHHOM He,ll,OCTaToqttocTM KaKoro-m160 <t:>epMeHTa, HanpttMep <t:>epMeHTa E3,

B03MO)f(Hbl pa3Hble HapyrneHHH MeTa60JIHqecKHX nYTett:

HapymeHne 06pa3oeaunB KOHe'IHhIX npo.zzyKTOB. He,IJ,OCTaTOK KOHeqttoro npo)l,YKTa 3Toro Mern60J1MqecKoro nYTH (P) (nptt OTCYTCTBHM aJihTepHaTHBHhlX rryTeM CMHTe3a) MO)f(eT npMBO,ll,MTb K pa3Bl1TMIO KJIMHJflieCKMX CMMIITOMOB, xapaKTepHbIX ,ll,JISI

,IJ,aHHoro 3a6oneBaHMH:

E1

E2

93

E4

KnMHMY9CKMe

A_____. B-----+ C ----. D ----. p

~ npoS1aneHMfl

K.rlHHH'lecKHenpoBBJieHHB. B KaqecTBe npwMepa MO)f(HO paCCMOTpeTb aJib6HHM3M. flptt aJih6HHM3Me HapyweH CHHTe3 B MeJiaHOUMTax nwrMeHTOB - MenaHMHOB. MenaHHH HaxO.UMTCH B KO)f(e, BOJIOCax, pa,ll,~e, nttrMeHTHOM 3nHTeJIHl1 ceTqaTKH rna3a l1 BJIMHeT Ha HX OKpacKy. Ilptt aJib6HHH3Me Ha6JIIO)];aIOT cna6YIO nttrMeHTaUMIO KO)l(H, CBeTJihie BOJIOCbl, KpacHOBaThIM UBeT P~H rna3a H3-3a npocBequBaIOill,HX KanHJIJIHpOB. IlpOHBJieHHe aJib6HHH3Ma CBH3aHO c He,IJ,OCTaTOqHOCThIO <t:>epMeHTa

THP03HHrMAPOKCHJia3hI (Tttp03HHa3hI) - o;:i:-

Horo M3 <t:>epMeHTOB, KaTaJIH3upy10mero MeTa6onuqecKMM llYTh o6pa30BaHHH MeJiaHHHOB (cM. pa3,IJ,eJI 9).

HaKonJieHne cy6cTpaTos-npe)1.mecTBeuunKOB. Dptt ttenocTaToqttocTH <t:>epMeHTa E3 6y,ll,yT HaKanJIHBaThCH BemecTBO c, a TaIOKe BO MHOn1X CJiyqaHX u npenrnecTBYIOmtte coenttHeHHH. YBeJIHqettue cy6cTpaTOB-npe,ll,llleCTBeHHHKOB ne<t:>eKTHOfO <t:>epMeHTa - Be,IJ,ymee 3BeHO pa3BHTHSI MHOfHX 3a6oJieBaHHM:

E1

E2

93

E4

A------+

B _____.

C ----.

D ----. P

KnMHMYeCKMe npOS1Bfl9Hlllfl

118

K.JnnrntiecKHe npoBll.JleHIDI. lfaBeCTHO 3a6oneBam1e aJIKaIITOttypilll, rrp11 KOTOPOM HapyrneHO OK11CJieH11e fOMOfeHTl13lffiOBOH KMCJIOThl B TKaIDIX (roMOreHTH311HOBllil. KMCJIOTa - rrpoMe)l()'TO'!HhlH MeTa60JIHT KaTa60JIH3Ma Tl1p03HHa). y TaKHX 6oJibHhIX Ha6mo)J,aroT He)J,ocrnrnirnocTh ¢epMeHTa OKHCJieIDIB fOMOreHTl13HHOBOH KMCJIOTbl - )J,HOKCttreHa3hl fOMOreHTH311HOBOH KHCJIOTbl, rrpttBOMJJJ,eil K p33BHTHIO 3a6oneBaHIDI. B pe3YJihTaTe YBen111mBa10TCH KOHUeHTPaUHH roMoreHTtt3HHOBoil KMCJIOTbl 11 BhIBe)leHMe ee C MO'IOH. B rrpttCYTCTBHM KHcnopo)J,a roMoreHTH3HHOBa51 KHCJIOTa rrpeBpaI.ll,aeTCH B coe)ll1HeHHe qepHoro UBeTa - aJIKaITTOH. Ilo3TOMY MO'!aTaKHX 6oJihHhIX Ha B03)lyxe oKpaunrnaeTCH B 1:1epHhitt UBeT. ArrKaIITOtf TaIOKe o6pa3yeTCH 11 B 6tto-

.JIOIWieCKHX :lKH,IJ,KOCT5IX, oce)J,aH B TKaH5IX, KO)Ke, cyxO)KHJIH5IX, cyCTaBax. Ilptt 3Ha'!HTeJibHhIXOTJlQ)KeHH5IX aJIKaTITOHa B cycTaBaX HapyrnaeTCH l1X

I10)],BH)KHOCTb.

Hapymeuue o6pa30Bamrn KOHe'IHhlXnpo,ll)'KTOBu HaKOllJleHHe cy6cTPaTOB nperouecTBeHHHKOB. OrMe-

qa10T 3a6oneBaHJ15J, KOf)la O)J,HOBpeMeHHO He)J,OCTaTOK rrpOLJYKTa 11 HaKOI1JleH11e 11CXO)J,H0f0 cy6cTPaTa Bbl3hIBalOT KJil1Hl11IeCKHe rrpoHBJieHIDI.

Kn111tt111YeCK111e npo~enett111~

KrlHHH'lecKHenpoBBJieuuB. Hanp11Mep, y JIIO)J,eii c 6oJie3HhlO f11pKe (rJIHKoreHo3 I nma) Ha6n10)la10T CHH)KeHMe KOHIJ,eHTpaumi fJIIOK03bl B KpOBl1 (rttI10fJI11KeM11H) B rrepepbIBax Me)K)ly rrptteMaMl1 I111IUH. 3TO CBH3aHo c HapyrneHl1eM pacrra,n,a fJIHKOfeHa B ne'!eHH11 BhlXO)J,OM 113 Hee fJIIOK03bl BCJie)lCTBHe Lle¢eKTa ¢epMeHTa rn10Ko3o-6-¢oc¢aT¢oc¢arn3hI (cM. pa3)],eJI 7).

0)lHOBpeMeHHO y TaKHX JIIO)leii YBenwrnBaIOT-

CH pa3Mepbl neIIeHH (renaTOMefaJIHH) BCJie)J,- CTBHe HaKOIIJieHH>J B Hett He 11CIIOJih3yeMoro rn11KoreHa.

IX. nPlllMEHEHlllE <l>EPMEHTOB

B MEJlfllUfllHE

<l>epMeHTHbie rrpenapaThl lllliPOKO 11CTIOJlb3yIOT

B Me)J,11U11He. <l>epMeHTbl B Me)J,11Ul1HCKOH npaKTl1-

Ke HaX0)],5IT rrp11MeHeH11e B Ka'IeCTBe )J,11arHOCTl1qecKHX (3H3HMO)J,11afHOCTl1Ka) 11 TeparreBTl11IeCKHX (3H3HMOTeparrm1) cpe)lcTB. B 3TOM pa3)lene MhI OCTaHOBHMCH Ha OCHOBHbIX rrpHHUHrrax 3H3HMO- )J,11arnocTl1Kl1 11 3H311MOTepanttH.

KpoMe Toro, ¢epMeHThI 11cnoJih3YIOT B Ka'IeCTBe crreu11¢111:1ecKHX peaKTHBOB LlIDI onpe)leneHHH pMa BeIUecrn. TaK, rJIIOK0300KCH)],a3y np11MeHHIOT )J,JISI KOJil11IeCTBeHHOfO onpe)leJieHl1H fJIIOK03bl B MO'!e11 KpOBl1. <l>epMeHT ypea3y 11CIIOJib3yIOT )lJIH orrpe)J,eJieHHH CO)J,ep)KaHHH KOJil1qecTBa MO'!eBHHblB KpOBH 11 MO'!e.c IlOMOIUblO pa3Jil11IHbIX )J,erH)],poreHa3 06HapyxttBalOT COOTBeTCTBYIOIU11e cy6cTpaThl, HanpttMep IlHPYBaT, JiaKTaT, 3THJIOBblll CI111pT 11 LlP·

A. 3H3HM0,11;HAfHOCTIIKA

3H311MO)],HarHOCTl1Ka 3aKJIIO'!aeTCHB IlOCTaHOBKe )J,Hartt03a 3a6oJieBaHJrn (HJI11 Cl1H)],pOMa) Ha OCHOBe orrpe)J,eJieHl1H aKTl1BHOCTl1 ¢epMeHTOB B 6110JIOfl11IeCKHX )ICl1)],KOCT5IX qeJIOBeKa. Ilp11HU11Ilbl 3H311MO)ll1afHOCTl1Kl1 OCHOBaHbl Ha CJie)J,yIOIU11X Il0311UHHX:

rrp11 IlOBpe)K)leHl111 KJieTOK B KPOBl1 HJil1 LlPYfl1X 6HOJIOfH'!eCKHX)KH)],KOCTHX (HarrpttMep, B MO'Ie)YBeJIH'IHBaeTCHKOHUeHTPaUIDI BttyrpHKJieTO'!HbIX¢epMeHTOB TIOBpe)IC)leHHbIX KJieToK;

KOJIH'IeCTBOBbICB060)K)laeMOfO ¢epMeHTa )J,0- CTaTO'IHOMH ero o6Hapy)ICeHIDI;

aKTl1BHOCTb ¢epMeHTOB B 6HOJIOrH'!eCKHX)KH)],- KOCTHX, o6HapyxttBaeMhIX rrpH IlOBpe)K)leHHH KJieTOK, CTa6HJihHa B Te'!eH11e)J,OCTaTO'IHO)],Jll1TeJihHOfO BpeMeHH H OTJIH'!aeTCHOT HOpMaJibHhIX 3HaIIeH11il;

PHLl ¢epMeHTOB ttMeeT npe11MyIUecrneHHyIO HJil1 a6COJIIOTHyIO JIOKaJil13aUHIO B orrpe,l:l;eJieH - HbIX opraHax (opraHOC1IeUH¢111:1HOCTb);

cyIUeCTByIOT pa3Jltt'IIDI BO BHYTPl1KJieTO'IHOH JIOKaJil13aU1111 p51)],a ¢epMeHTOB. .

1.IIpu11UHbt, npu6oiJam.ue " y6e.t1u11enu10 KOJIU'lecm6a <}JepMenmo6 6 Kp06u

<l>epMeHTbl TIJI33Mbl KpOBl1 MO)l(HO pa3)leJil1Tb Ha

2 rpynnbI. IlepBaH, OTHOCHTeJibHO He60JihlliaH rpynna ¢epMeHTOB aKTHBHO ceKpeTttpyeTCSI B TIJia3MY KPOBH onpe)J,eJieHHhIM11 oprattaM11. Harrp11Mep, rre1:1etth cttHTe3ttpyeT HeaKT11BHh1e rrpe)J.wecrneH - Hl1KH cl>epMeHTOB CBepTbIBaIOIUeH Cl1CTeMhl KPOBl1. Ko BTopoM: OTHOCSIT 60JihlllyIO rpynny <t>epMeHTOB, BbICB060)K)lalOIU11XCSI 113 KJieTOK BO BpeMH HX

119

JI,11,f I
JI,11,f2
2-35, A).

HOPMaJihHOro <PYHKIJJfOHHpoBamrn. 06hl'IHO3TH <PepMeHThl BhlnOJIHHIOT CBOIO <PYHKIJ:HIO BHyrpH KJieTKM H He HMeIOT $H3HOJIOmqecKOfO 3HaqeHHH B IIJia3Me KpOBH. y 3)1,0pOBOfO qeJIOBeKa aKTHBHOCTh 3TlfX <PepMeHTOB B IIJia3Me HH3KM H )1,0CTa-

,TOqHo IlOCTOHHHM, TaK KaK IlOCTOHHHO COOTHOrneHHe CKOPOCTeii: BhICB06m1meHHH HX H3 KJieTOK H CKOpOCTeH pa3pyrneHHH.

IlpH MHOfHX 3a60JieBaHHHX npOHCXO)l,HT noBpe)!OleHHe KJieTOK, H lfX coaep)l(lfMOe, B TOM qlfcJie H <PepMeHThl, BhICBo6o)!OlaIOTCH B KpOBh. K npl11IHHaM, Bhl3hIBaIOW:HM BhICB060)!0leHHe BHyrpHKJieToqHoro coaep)l(lfMOfO B KPOBh, OTHOCHT HapyrneHHe npoHm1aeMocTH MeM6paHhI KJieTOK (npH BocnanHTeJihHhIX npoueccax) lfJIH HapyrueHMe uenocTHOCTH KJieToK (npH HeKpo3e). OnpeaeneHHe B KpOBH aKTHBHOCTH pMa <PepMeHTOB xoporno HaJia)l(eHO B 6HOXlfMlfqecKMX Jia6opaTOPMHX, qTQ HCnOJih3YJOT MH )1,HarHOCTHKH 3a6oJieBaHHM cepaua, neqeHH, cKeJieTHOM MYCKyJiaTYphI H apyrHx TKatteii:. YpoBeHh aKTHBHOCTH <PepMeHTOB B IIJia3Me KoppeJIHpyeT co CTeneHhIO noBpe)!OleHHH

KJieTOK.

,[lJrn 3H3lfM0)1,HarHOCTHKlf HMeIOT 60JihilIOe 3Haqem1e 3HaHMH o cy6KJ1ernqHoti: noKanmauHH <PepMeHToB. TaK, noHBJieHMe B IIJia3Me KpoBH <PepMeHTOB, MMeIOIUMX TOJihKO UlIT030JihHYJO JIOKaJIH3auHIO,

CBHaeTeJihCTBYeT 0 BOCilaJIHTeJihHOM npouecce; npH o6Hap~eHHH MlITOXOH,IJ,PllaJihHhIX lfJIH MePHhIX

<PepMeHTOB MO)l(HO fOBOPHTh 0 6onee rny60KHX noBpe)!Olemrnx KJieTKH, HanpHMep 0 HeKP03e.

0.nIIaKO nOBhIIlieHHe KOHUettTpaUHH <PepMeHTOB He Bceraa CBH3aHO c noBpe)!OleHHeM TKaHeM. IlpH H36hITOqHOM KJieroqHOM rrpOJIH$epauHH, HanpHMep npH OHKOnpom1<PepaTHBHhIX npoueccax, rrpH noBhIIlieHHOM CKOpoCTH CHHTe3a HeKOTOphlX <PepMeHTOB B KJieTKax lfJIH npH ttapyrneHHOM KJIHpettce (cnoco6HOCTH BhIBO)l,HThCH noqKaMH) Ha6JII0)1,aIOT nOBhIIlieHHe KOHUeHTpaUHH B KpOBH onpeaeneHHhIX <PepMeHToB. BpaqaM cneayeT yqHThIBaTh, qTO HOPMaJihHhie 3Ha11eHHH aKTHBHOCTH <PepMeHToB B KpOBH )1,eTeM H 6epeMeHHhIX )l(eHW:HH OTmNaIOTCH OT nOKa3aTeJieti:, xapaKTepHhIX aJIH B3pOCJihIX 3)1,0- poBhIX JIIO)l,eM.

2. HJot}>epMenmbl

<l>epMeHThI, KaTaJIH3HPYJOW:He OAHY H ry )l(e m- MnqecKyIO peaKl(HIO, HO OTmfqaJOW:HeCH no rrepBlfqHoM CTpYKTYPe 6enKa, Ha3hIBaIOT H30$epMeHTaMH, HJIH H303H3HMaMH. OHM KaTaJIH3HPYJOT OAHH H TOT )l(e THn peaKl(HH c npHHUHnHaJihHO 0)1,HHa-

KOBhIM MexaHH3MOM, HO OTJllfqaJOTCH apyr OT APYra KHHeTH1IeCKHMH napaMeTpaMH, ycJIOBHHMH aKTHBaUHH, oco6eHHOCTHMH CBH3H ano<PepMeHTa H Ko$epMeHTa.

IlpHpoaa IlOSIBJleHHH mo<PepMeHTOB pa3H006pa3Ha, HO qarn:e Bcero o6ycnoBJieHa pa3JllfqlfHMH B CTPYKTYPe reHOB, KOAHPYIOW:HX 3TH mo<PepMeHThI. CneaoBaTeJihHO, H3o$epMeHThI pa3J1Hqa10TcH no nepBHqHoii: cTpyKTyPe 6enKoBoii: MoneKyJihI H, COOTBeTCTBeHHO, no $H3HKO-XHMlfqecKHM CBOMCTBaM. Ha pa3JIHqm1x B $H3HKO-XHMHqecKttx CBOHCTBaX OCHOBaHhl MeTO)l,hI orrpeaeneHHH H30- <PepMeHTOB.

Ila CBOeii: CTpYKTyPe I130$epMeHThl B OCHOBHOM

HBJIHIOTCH OJIHfOMepHhIMH 6eJIKaMH. IlpttqeM Ta HJIH HHM TKaHh rrpettMyw:ecTBeHHO CHHTe3HpyeT orrpeaeneHHhie BHahI rrpoToMepoB. B pe3yJihTaTe onpeaeneHHOM KOM6ttHaUHH 3THX rrpOTOMepoB

<PopMHPYIOTCH <PepMeHThl c pa3JllfqHOM CTJJYKTYpoii: - H30MepHhie <PopMhI. 06Hap~eHHe orrpe-

aeneHHhIX mo<PepMeHTHhIX <PopM <PepMeHTOB no3BOJIHeT HCilOJih30BaTh HX )1,JIH )1,HarHOCTHKH 3a6oneBaHHM.

lhocl>opMLI JiaKTaTaenr,n;poreuuL1. <l>epMeHT JlaKTaTAemaporeHa3a (JI,11,f) KaTaJIH3HpyeT o6paTHMYJO peaKl(HIO OKlfCJieHHH JiaKTaTa (MOJIOqHoM KHCJIOThl) ao nHpYBaTa (rrttpoBHHorpaattoii: KMCJIOThI) (cM. pa3aen 7).

CHa

nnr

CHa

I

I

HC-OH

+ NAD+

C=O + NADH + H+

I

 

I

coo·

 

coo·

naKTaT

 

n1o1pyeaT

JlaKTaT}J;enr,n;poreuua -

onttroMepHhiti: 6eJIOK c

MOJleKyAAPHOM Maccoll: 134 000 ,11,, COCTOHW:HH 113

4 cy6ne)1,HHHU 2 TllIIOB: M (OT attrn. muscle- MhIIlIua) H H (oT aHrn. heart - cep)l.ue). KoM6ttHaUttH

3Tl1X cy6'be)1,HHHUJie)l(llT B OCHOBe <PopMttpoBaHHH

5 tt3o$opM naKTaT)1,erlf)1,poreHa3hI (pHc.

H HaH60Jiee aKTHBHhl B cep)l,eqHoM MhIIlIUe l1 rroqKax, JI,ll,f4 H JI,ll,fs - B CKeJieTHhIX MhIIlIUax H rre11eHH. B OCTaJihHhIX TKaHHX HMeIOTCH pa3JII11!Hhie <PopMhl 3Toro <PepMeHTa.

• lfao<PopMhI JI,ll,f OTJIWiaIOTCH 9JieICTpo$opeTH11ecKoii: nO)l,Bll)l(HOCThIO, qTQ n03BOJISJeT ycTaHaBJIHBaTh TKaHeByro npHHa,II,Jle)l(HOCTh H30- <PopM JI,ll,f (pHc. 2-35, E).

120

2-35,
• ,Il,.rnl

 

~~ ~

~ ~

A

H M

 

M

M

M

 

 

 

 

 

 

n.1:1r1 n.1:1r2

n.Qr3

11.Qr4

n.1:1rs

 

n.1:1rs

n.Qr4 n.Qr3

n.1:1r2

n.1:1r1

 

CepA1..1e

I

I

I

I

 

 

 

 

 

 

no'-IKlll I

I

I

I

I

 

ne'-leHbI

I

I

I

 

 

MblWl..lbl I

·1

I

I

 

 

e Crapr

 

 

 

 

 

~e~®_J\Jl

---lllHcpapKT MlllOKBPAB

 

:'.· t

 

 

B•.. ·• '\~---3AOPOBbl'1'-le!lOBeK

,..,~ f I ~/renan1r

PMc. 2-35. li1aolf>opM1>1 naKTSTA&rM,QporeHa3bl. A - crpoeH1.1e paani.<1'lHb1x1.1aocpopM nor; 6 - pacnpeAeneH1.1e Ha sneKTpocpoperpaMMe i.1 OTHOCi.1T9nbHbl9 KOni.1'l6CTBai.130cpopM nor B pa3ni.1'lHblXopraHax; B - COA9P)l(aHi.19 i.130cpOpM nor B nna3Me KpOBi.1 B HOpMe 1.1 np1.1 naronorn1.1 (sneKTpocpoperpaMMbl - cnesa 1.1 cporoMerpi.<1'lecKoecKaH1.1posaH1.1e - cnpasa).

• TiosrnJiem1e B 3BOJIIOI..JJUf paJJIH'IHbIXH30<POPM

JUlf o6ycJIOBJieHo oco6eHHOCnIMH OKHCJIHTeJibHOfO MeTa60JIHJMa TKattell:. lfao<PepMeHTbl JI)]J4 H JI,IJ,f5 (M-THIIbl JI,IJ,f) pa60TalOT 3<P<PeKTHBHO B atta3po6HbIX ycJIOBHHX, JI,IJ,fl H JI,IJ,f2 (H-THIIbl) - B a3p06HbIX, KOf)J;a IIHPYBaT 6hICTPO OKHCAAeTCH llO co2 H H20, a He BOCCTaHaBJrnBaeTCH llO MOJioqttoll: KHCJIOTbl.

Tip11 pMe Ja60JieBam1M: 11ccJie)J;ylOT aKTHBHOCTh JI,IJ,f B IUiaJMe KpoBH. B HOpMe aKTHBHOCTh

JI,IJ,f COCTaBAAeT 170-520 E,Il,/JI. TioBbIIIIeHHe aKTHBHOCTH tta6JIIOllaIOT rrpH OCTPhIX rropIDKeHHHX cepmi:a, rreqeHH, rroqeK, a TaIOKe rrp11 Merano6JiaCTHhlX H reMOJIITTHqeCKHX aHeMHHX. OllttaKo 3TO YKa3hIBaeT Ha rroBpe)!()J.ettne JIHIIIh OllHOH H3 rrepeq11cJieHHbIX TKaHeit

IIOCTaHOBKH )J;HafHOJa He06XOllHMO HC-

CJie)J;OBaHHe H3o<PopM JI,IJ,f B IIJia3Me KPOBH

MeTOllOM 3JieKTpo<lJope3a. Ha p11c. B

rrpe)J;cTaBJieHhI 3JieKTpo<lJoperpaMMhI IIJia3MhI KPOBH JllOPOBOfO qeJIOBeKa, 60JibHOf0 HH<PapKTOM MHOKap)J;a H 6oJibttoro rerraTHTOM. Bb1HBJieH11e B IIJia3Me KPOBH TKattecrreun<P~ec­

KHx H30<POPM JI.Ur HCII0Jlb3YJOT B Kaqecrne )J;HafHOCTHqecKoro TeCTa IIOBpe)!()J,eHHH )J;aHHOH TKaHH.

lfaoclmpMbI KpeaTHHKHHa3&I. KpeaTHHKHHaJa (KK) KaTaJIH3HpyeT peaKUHIO o6paJOBaHHH KpeaTHH<Poc<Parn:

NH

 

NH

 

II

 

II

 

C-NH2

KK

C-NH-P03H2

+ AA<I>

I

+ ATel> -----+

I

N-CH3

 

N-CH3

 

I

 

I

 

CH2

 

CH2

 

I

 

I

 

COOH

 

COOH

 

Kpear111H

 

Kpean1H¢ocQ>ar

 

121

MoJieicyJia KK -

)UIMep, cocTomrm::H. m cy6bemi-

3. 3mUMoiJuamocmU1ca npu umpapKme MUOKapi)a

HHU )Ulyx TirnOB: M

(OT attrJI. muscle -

MhlllllJ;a) M B

 

flpHMepHo 30% 60JihHhIX HH$apKTOM Ml10Kap-

(OT attrJI. brain - M03r). lb 3TMX cy6be.!Uffil1U o6pa-

 

)J,a 11MeIOT aTl1Ill1'IHYIOKJil1HHlfeCKYIO KapTHHY 3TOfO

3YJOTC5l 3 1130¢epMema -

BB, MB, MM. lfarnpep-

3a6oJieBaHHSI. fl03TOMY He06XO,ll,HMO npOBO,ll,HTh

MeHT BB HaxOJJ;IITC5l rrpe11MYJ.ll,ecrneHHo B roJIOBHOM

)J,OIIOJIHl1TeJihHbie MeTO)J,hI 11CCJie,ll,OBaHHSI )J,JISI IlO)J,-

M03re MM - B cKeJieTHbIX MhllllUax 11 MB - B cep-

rnep)l()J,eHHSI IIOBpe)l()J,eHHSI cep,ll,e'IHOH Mhllllllhl.

,ll,etIHd:H MbllIIlle. lfarnpopMbI KK HMeIOT pa3HYIO 3JieK-

 

Op11 11ttcl>apKTe MMOKap,ll,a tta6moL1.aIOT Ll.OCTO-

TPrnPopeTWieCJCYIO IIO)UlillKHOCTh (p11c.

2-36).

 

BepHhie H3MeHeHMSI B KpOBl1 aKTHBHOCTl1 cl>epMeH-

AKnrnHOCTh KK B HOpMe He ,ll,OJDKHa rrpeBhllllaTh

TOB KK, JILl,f

11 acrraprnrnM11HoTpattc<:Pepa3h1 -

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c-70

 

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c-70

 

 

 

 

 

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I

 

 

 

 

I

 

 

 

 

 

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L-rnyraMHH

 

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KHcnora

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

KHcnora

 

CxeMa

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