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8 Найдите в тексте слова, имеющие общий корень со словами перед текстом. Опреде­лите, какими частями речи они являются и каковы их значения:

to sleep – спать

particular – особенный

energy – энергия

Прочитайте и переведите текст.

The data (данные) show that just as too little sleep is detrimental (вредный) to human organism, too much sleep is detrimental as well, particularly if one sleeps two hours more. People who sleep six hours or less a day are more energetic. Those who require 9 hours are slow movers. The long sleepers are passive. Long sleepers and short sleepers spend about equal amounts of time (равное количество времени) in deep sleep, but the long sleepers dream (видеть сны) much more.

Reading material

  1. Прочитайте и переведите текст 2А.

Text 2A

Canada

Canada is the second largest country in the world. Only Russia has a greater land area. Canada extends across the continent of North America from Newfoundland on the Atlantic coast to British Columbia on the

Pacific coast. About 80 per sent live within 200 miles of the southern border. Much of the rest is inhabited or thinly populated because the country has rugged terrain and a severe climate.

Canada has two official languages, English and French. The official Languages Act of 1969 guarantees all Canadians the right to communicate with the national government in either French or English. About 69 per cent of Canadians speak mainly English in the home, and 24 per cent speak mainly French. About 6 per cent of Canadian people speak other languages which include Italian, Chinese, German and Portuguese.

Many immigrants from other European countries began to arrive in the late 1800’s. The greatest wave of immigration began after World War II, Today about 10 per cent of Canadians have some German ancestry, 4 per cent have Italian ancestry, and 4 per cent have Ukrainian ancestry.

Indians and Inuit has been living in what became Canada for thousands of years when Europeans first arrived. The word “Inuit” means “people”. The Inuit of Canada were once called “Eskimos”, an American Indian word meaning “eaters of raw meat”.

Other Canadians include Chinese, people from India and Pakistan, and other Asians, who make up about 9 per cent of the population of British Columbia. Many immigrants from China, the Indian subcontinent, and the West Indies have settled in Toronto. Blacks from about 1 per cent of Canadian’s population.

Canada is an independent, self governing nation. But the Constitution Act of 1982 recognizes the British monarch, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, as queen of Canada. This position symbolizes the country’s strong ties to Britain. Britain ruled Canada completely until 1867 when Canada gained control of its domestic affairs. Britain continued to govern Canada’s foreign affairs until 1931, when Canada gained full independence.

The Canadian economy is based on private enterprise. But the national and provincial governments play an active role in many economic activities. For example, they provide free health service to all Canadians. The federal and provincial governments also own broadcasting companies, transportation firms, and utilities. They have entered such fields as resource development and the financing of homebuilding and steelmaking. Foreign investment and ownership – especially from the United States – have a major influence on Canada’s economy. Great Britain, Germany and Japan also have large investment in Canada.