III Make up a plan of the text.

IV Translate the sentences in italics in a written form.

V Questions for discussion:

1. What things should one take into consideration before choosing a garment?

2. What are the main figure types?

3. What is a hourglass figure like?

4. What is your advice for people with hourglass figure?

5. What would you recommend to wear with pear shaped figure?

6. Why is inverted triangle figure described as “the wedge”?

7. Why is this figure of the least difficulty?

8. Why is it important to know one’s figure type?

TEXT C

I Mind the following words and word-combinations:

1. to consume – споживати

2. to prevent – запобігати

3. duck type – парусина

4. skipped stitches – пропущений стібок

5. bent – кривий

II Listen to the text and be ready to answer the questions:

1. Why should one be properly ready before starting to sew?

2. What causes the wrong hanging of the garment?

III Listen to the text again. Decide if the statements are true or false.

1. Right preparation for sewing will consume your time.

2. Your sewing machine must be accurately threaded.

3. The choice of the needle doesn’t depend on the fabric.

4. A bent needle can damage the thread.

5. The grainline always runs parallel with the length of the fabric.

UNIT 9

TEXT A

I Listen and remember the following words:

1. modesty – скромність, стриманість

2. jewelry – коштовність

3. to ward off – відбивати

4 evil – злий

5. to guard – боронити, захищати

6. hazard – ризик, небезпека

7. thorn – колючки

8. insect – комаха

9. adornment – прикраса

II Read and remember the following phrases:

1. a loose robe – сукня вільного силуету

2. foul-weather clothes – одяг на огидну погоду

3. a bullet-proof vest – бронежилет

4. sore feet – мокрі ноги

5. to heal over – одужувати

6. family ties – родинні зв’язки

7. space suit – костюм космонавта

Why People Wear Clothes

People in other times wore clothes that would probably seem strange today. Still, the reasons that they wore them were much the same as the reasons that people wear clothes today. People throughout history and across different cultures have always worn clothes for similar reasons.

Clothes are worn for protection and also for modesty. Sometimes they are worn merely for decoration, while other times they are worn because they are comfortable.

One of the most important reasons that people wear clothes is for protection. This means that clothes are worn to keep the person from harm and injury. Clothes can offer many kinds of protection. In some places, people have protection from the weather. Sometimes people believe that wearing an article of clothing or a special piece of jewelry will ward off an evil spirit or help keep them healthy. These clothes of psychological protection come from a person’s state of mind or emotions.

Clothes also protect people from heat. In some desert areas people wear loose robes. These robes keep the dry, hot air away from the body, which prevents the loss of body moisture. Raincoats and boots and other foul-weather clothes protect people from unusually bad weather. Hard hats protect workers who must work around construction. Bulletproof vests are worn by police to protect them while they work. The space suits that the astronauts wear in outer space are designed to guard them from space hazards, such as weightlessness and cold. Going for a walk in the woods, people dress to protect themselves from insects, thorns and sore feet.

Clothes can give the wearer psychological protection. This happens when people believe or think that items of clothing have special or magical properties.

In some cultures, special necklaces or other pieces of jewelry or clothes are worn for this kind of protection. People think they ward off evil, heal, or bring good luck to their wearers.

Clothes worn for modesty often carry the idea that an unclothed body is shameful.

What is considered modest changes with the time and place? A view of woman’s ankle in the nineteenth century was considered shocking, yet women often wore evening dresses that were cut quite low.

People of all cultures take an interest in adornment. When people adorn themselves they use things to decorate or beautify their bodies. They wear clothes to make themselves look better to others. People wear clothes to express their individuality and their creative sense.

Adornment can also be used to tell many things about its wearer. It can show wealth, rank, status, occupation, family ties and power. Nowadays there have been radical changes in dress. Many of these changes have been done to make clothes more comfortable and more practical. Comfort has become one of the major reasons that people dress the way they do today.