- •Foreword
- •Foreword to First Edition
- •Contributors
- •Preface
- •A.1 Piezoelectric Materials
- •A.3 Optical Fiber Sensors
- •A.4 Electrorheological Fluids
- •A.5 Magnetostrictive Materials
- •A.6 Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems
- •A.7 Comparison Of Actuators
- •References
- •Index
- •1. Introduction and Overview
- •1.1 General
- •1.3 High-Performance Fiber Composite Concepts
- •1.4 Fiber Reinforcements
- •1.5 Matrices
- •References
- •Bibliography
- •2. Basic Principles of Fiber Composite Materials
- •2.1 Introduction to Fiber Composite Systems
- •2.3 Micromechanics
- •2.4 Elastic Constants
- •2.5 Micromechanics Approach to Strength
- •2.6 Simple Estimate of Compressive Strength
- •References
- •3. Fibers for Polymer-Matrix Composites
- •3.1 Overview
- •3.3 Carbon Fibers
- •3.4 Boron Fibers
- •3.5 Silicon Carbide
- •3.6 Aramid Fibers
- •3.7 Orientated Polyethylene Fibers
- •3.8 Dry Fiber Forms
- •References
- •4. Polymeric Matrix Materials
- •4.1 Introduction
- •4.2 Thermoset and Thermoplastic Polymer Matrix Materials
- •4.3 Thermosetting Resin Systems
- •4.4 Thermoplastic Systems
- •References
- •5. Component Form and Manufacture
- •5.1 Introduction
- •5.2 Outline of General Laminating Procedures
- •5.5 Filament Winding
- •5.7 Process Modelling
- •5.8 Tooling
- •References
- •6. Structural Analysis
- •6.1 Overview
- •6.2 Laminate Theory
- •6.3 Stress Concentration and Edge Effects
- •6.4 Failure Theories
- •6.7 Buckling
- •6.8 Summary
- •References
- •7. Mechanical Property Measurement
- •7.1 Introduction
- •7.2 Coupon Tests
- •7.3 Laboratory Simulation of Environmental Effects
- •7.4 Measurement of Residual Strength
- •7.5 Measurement of Interlaminar Fracture Energy
- •References
- •8. Properties of Composite Systems
- •8.1 Introduction
- •8.3 Boron Fiber Composite Systems
- •8.4 Aramid Fiber Composite Systems
- •8.6 Properties of Laminates
- •References
- •9. Joining of Composite Structures
- •9.1 Introduction
- •9.2 Comparison Between Mechanically Fastened and Adhesively Bonded Joints
- •9.3 Adhesively Bonded Joints
- •9.4 Mechanically Fastened Joints
- •References
- •10. Repair Technology
- •10.1 Introduction
- •10.2 Assessment of the Need to Repair
- •10.3 Classification of Types of Structure
- •10.4 Repair Requirements
- •10.6 Patch Repairs: General Considerations
- •10.7 Bonded Patch Repairs
- •10.9 Application Technology: In Situ Repairs
- •10.10 Bolted Repairs
- •References
- •11. Quality Assurance
- •11.1 Introduction
- •11.2 Quality Control
- •11.3 Cure Monitoring
- •References
- •12. Aircraft Applications and Design Issues
- •12.1 Overview
- •12.2 Applications of Glass-Fiber Composites
- •12.3 Current Applications
- •12.4 Design Considerations
- •12.7 A Value Engineering Approach to the Use of Composite Materials
- •12.8 Conclusion
- •References
- •13. Airworthiness Considerations For Airframe Structures
- •13.1 Overview
- •13.2 Certification of Airframe Structures
- •13.3 The Development of Design Allowables
- •13.4 Demonstration of Static Strength
- •13.5 Demonstration of Fatigue Strength
- •13.6 Demonstration of Damage Tolerance
- •13.7 Assessment of the Impact Damage Threat
- •References
- •14. Three-Dimensionally Reinforced Preforms and Composites
- •14.1 Introduction
- •14.2 Stitching
- •14.3 Z-Pinning
- •14.6 Knitting
- •14.8 Conclusion
- •References
- •15. Smart Structures
- •15.1 Introduction
- •15.2 Engineering Approaches
- •15.3 Selected Applications and Demonstrators
- •References
- •16. Knowledge-Based Engineering, Computer-Aided Design, and Finite Element Analysis
- •16.2 Finite Element Modelling of Composite Structures
- •16.3 Finite Element Solution Process
- •16.4 Element Types
- •16.5 Finite Element Modelling of Composite Structures
- •16.6 Implementation
- •References
REPAIR TECHNOLOGY |
401 |
A typical bolted patch configuration is shown in Figure 10.13. The patch has a chamfered edge to minimize any disturbance of the airflow. The backup plate consists of two sections to allow blind insertion.
References
1Baker, A. A., "Repair Techniques for Composite Structures" Composite Materials in Aircraft Structure, edited by D. H. Middleton, Longman Scientific and Technical Publishers, 1990, Chap. 13.
2Baker, A. A., "Joining and Repair of Aircraft Composite Structures," Chapter 14 in Composites Engineering Handbook, edited by P. K. Mallick, Marcel Dekker, 1997.
3Saunders, D. S., Clark, G., van Blaricum, and T. J., Preuss, T. E., "Carbon/epoxy Laminate Testing Coupon Program" Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, Vol. 13, 1990, pp. 105-124.
4Russell, A. J., and Bowers, C. P., "Resin Requirements for Successful Repair of Delaminations," Proceedings of 36th National SAMPE Symposium, 1991, pp. 2279-2289.
5Russell, A. J., Bowers, C. P., and Moss, A. J., "Repair of Delaminations and Impact Damage in Composite Aircraft Structures," Composite Structures, Vol. 19, Elsevier Applied Science Publisher, 1991, pp. 145-149.
6Rodgers, B. A., and Mallon, P. J., "Post-Impact Repair of Thermoplastic Composite Materials Using Induction Heating," Proceedings of the 14th European SAMPE, 1993, pp. 250-270.
7Rose, L. F. R., "Theoretical Analysis of Crack Patching," Bonded Repair of Aircraft Structures, edited by A. A. Baker and R., Jones, Martinus-Nijhoff, 1988.
8Baker, A. A., Chester, R. J., Hugo, G. R., and Radtke, T. C., "Scarf Repairs to Carbon/ Epoxy Composites," Composite Repairs of Military Aircraft Structures, Paper 19, AGARD-CP-550, 1995.
9Baker, A. A., Chester, R. J., Hugo, G. R., and Radtke, T. C., "Scarf Repairs to Highly Strained Carbon/Epoxy Structure," International Journal of Adhesion, 1999, Vol. 19, pp 16-171.
l°Armstrong, K., and Barrett, R. T., Care and Repair of Advanced Composites, SAE
International, New York, 1998.
l~Bauer, J., and Maier, A. E., "On Aircraft Repair Verification of a Fighter A/C Integrally Stiffened Fuselage Skin," Composite Repairs of Military Aircraft Structures,
Paper 11, AGARD-CP-550, 1995.
12Diberardino, M. F., Cochran, R. C., Donnellan, T. M., and Trabocco, R. E., Materials for Composite Damage Repair, Proceedings of the 5th Australian Aeronautical Conference, The Institution of Engineers, Australia, 1993.
13Cochran, R. C., Trabocco, R. E., Mehrkam, P., and Diberardino, M. F., "Field Repair for Naval Aircraft," Composite Repairs of Military Aircraft Structures, Paper 10, Spain, AGARD-CP-550, 1994.
laAugl, J. N., "Moisture Transport in Composites During Repair Work" Proceedings 28th National SAMPE Symposium, 1983, pp. 273-286.
~SGarrett, R. A., Bohlmann, R. E., and Derby, E. A., "Analysis and Test of Carbon/ Epoxy Sandwich Panels Subjected to Internal Pressures Resulting from Absorbed Moisture," edited by J. R. Vinson, ASTM, 1978, pp. 234-253.
402 COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES
16Trabocco, R. E., Donnellan, T. M., and Williams, G. J., "Repair of Composite Aircraft," BondedRepairofAircraftStructures,edited by A. A. Baker, R. Jones, MartinusNijhoff, 1988, Chap. 7.
i7Bohlmann, R. E., Renieri, G. D., and Libeskind, M., "Bolted Field Repair of Carbon/ Epoxy Wing Skin Laminates" Joining of CompositeMaterials,edited by K. T. Kedward, STP 749, American Society for Materials, 1981, pp. 97-116.
lSKradinov, V., Hananska, |
J., Barut, A., Madenci, E., and Ambar, D. R., "Bolted Patch |
Repair of Composite Panels |
With a Cutout," Composite Structures, Vol. 56, 2002, |
pp. 423-424. |
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