English. Course1

garlic; fresh fruit salad; rump steak; sorbet; Irish stew; chocolate fudge cake.

Ex.16. Translate into English:

1.Я завтракаю в 8 часов утра.

2.За завтраком я обычно съедаю бутерброд и выпиваю чашку чая.

3.Мой брат всегда ест яичницу с ветчиной на завтрак.

4.Что ты ешь в обед на второе?

5.Какой десерт нравится твоей маме?

6.Вы хотели бы похудеть?

7.У тебя нет лишнего веса и тебе не надо садиться на диету.

8.Что такое традиционный английский завтрак?

9.Я люблю плотно поесть в обед – закуску, суп, второе, десерт, выпить чашечку крепкого кофе.

10.Сейчас очень многие увлекаются вегетарианской пищей. Они едят любые овощи

– картошку, морковь, свеклу, цветную капусту, горох, салат, но совсем не едят мяса.

11.Какие блюда самые популярные в русской кухне? Блины, борщ, котлеты, пироги, грибы, пельмени. А из напитков, пожалуй, чай, квас, кисель, клюквенный морс.

12.Дай мне дольку апельсина, кусок сахара, щепотку соли, кусочек хлеба и плитку шоколада. Я буду готовить свое фирменное блюдо.

Text A.

Food and Meals

Nowadays the problem for the consumer is not the lack of food variety, but rather the great assortment from which one can choose. Buying foodstuff in a modern supermarket can be considered a sort of art. It is the art of combating a temptation. Supermarkets play a dirty trick on the customers: practically every shopper is tempted to buy things he or she does not need or can't afford. Only the hardest of souls can pass shelves and counters indifferently and not collect all sorts of foodstuff from them. A lot of people, however, prefer to do their shopping in small shops. A daily route of some housewives includes visits to baker's, butcher's, grocer's, greengrocer's and dairy shops. In the end of the route their bags are full of loaves of bread, meat cuts, packs of cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish and dairy products.

People eat for living, and usually have 3-4 meals a day. But there exists a certain confusion when we speak about the names of daily meals in different countries. The terms «lunch», a big meal in the middle of the day, and «brunch» (breakfast + lunch), a late breakfast at the weekend are never heard of in our country. As a rule, Russian people have a substantial dinner around 2 or 3 o'clock in the afternoon; including at least three courses, as compared to the Englishmen, who are ready to eat dinner only about 6 o'clock in the evening.

Supper in Russia means one big meal at 7. In England, it is just a small snack at 10. The only thing we share is breakfast, which usually consists of cereal with milk, bacon and eggs, toast with tea for the Englishmen, and may be anything for the Russians. Some individuals even prefer soup, but of course, sandwiches and coffee are very popular.

Even though a home cooking of food has become the most time-efficient in the world, people on the go because of busy work or social schedules don't have much time for cooking at home. That is why eating out has become a regular part of everyday life. A choice of places where you can eat is amazing. You can choose between different restaurants, fast-food places, cafes, snack bars and pubs.

Nowadays people all over the world begin to realize that their health greatly depends on what they drink or eat, and as a result vegetable, fruit and cereal consumption are increasing.

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Moreover, vegetarianism has become a trend for people who are in search of a healthier life. Vegetarians plan their diet around vegetable food, eating no meat, fish or chicken. Milk products, such as cheese, butter, yoghurt, ice-cream and eggs are also off their diet.

There is also a demand for foods grown and produced without pesticides and herbicides. This has led to the development of an «organic food» industry. Of course, the cost of organic food is higher than of non-organic one and such products are sold in the so-called «health food stores».

Food is obviously a very important part of people's life and culture and if you want to understand the nation it is important to taste national food. Each country has its own cooking traditions and eating habits. Most Russians eat a lot, never count calories and are deeply convinced that their food is healthy. Paraphrasing a famous proverb we may say: «What is a Russian man's meat is a British man's poison». Do you agree?

Task 1. Pronounce the words:

assortment, temptation, route, greengrocer's, cereal, confusion, substantial, course, timeefficient, schedules, consumption, pesticides, herbicides, poison.

Task 2. Comprehension questions.

1.What shops specialize in selling food?

2.What is characteristic of a supermarket?

3. Why do some people prefer to do their shopping in small specialized shops?

4.What are the main daily meals?

5.What way do the names of daily meals vary in different countries?

6.What makes a typical breakfast, lunch, dinner and supper?

7.What makes eating out so popular nowadays?

8.What are the places where you can eat outside your house?

9.Why do some people follow a healthy diet?

10.What is vegetarianism?

11.What has led to the development of an «organic food industry»?

12.What is a «health food store»?

13.Do the national cuisine characterize the nation in some way?

14.What is characteristic of the Russian cuisine?

Task 3. Find the equivalents to the following words and phrases.

1)to combat a temptation; 2) to play a dirty trick on the customers; 3) the hardest of souls;

4)to pass indifferently; 5) brunch; 6) substantial dinner; 7) a small snack; 8) good-humoured individuals; 9) time-efficient; 10) social schedules; 11) amazing; 12) fast-food places; 13) snack bar; 14) vegetable consumption; 15) organic / non-organic food; 16) national cuisine; 17) eating habits; 18) healthy food

Task 4. Say if the following sentences are true or false.

1.Supermarkets are arranged so that customers can't leave it without buying things they don't really need.

2.All customers prefer to buy foodstuff in small specialized shops.

3.A daily route of some housewives includes visits to the baker's, butcher's, grocer's,

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greengrocer's and dairy shops.

4.Most people have meals 1 -2 times a day.

5.Brunch is a big meal eaten in the evening.

6.The usual dinner consists of 3 courses, including a starter, a main course and a dessert.

7.Eating out is popular only among businessmen.

8.A choice of places where you can eat out is very limited.

9.Our health greatly depends on what we eat and drink.

10.Vegetarians plan their diet around dairy products.

11.Nowadays, there is a demand for goods grown and produced without pesticides and herbicides.

12.National food is a component of nation's culture.

Task 5. Put the sentences in the correct order according to the contents of the text.

1.Most Russians eat a lot, never count calories and are deeply convinced that their food is healthy.

2.Nowadays, the consumption of vegetables, fruit and cereals is increasing, as people begin to realize that their health depends on what they eat and drink.

3.People usually have 3-4 meals a day.

4.Visiting a modern supermarket can be considered a sort of art: the art of combating a temptation.

5.National food, cooking traditions, and eating habits are important components of people's life and culture.

6.Nowadays, vegetarianism has become a trend for people who are in search of a healthier life.

7.The names of daily meals vary from country to country.

8.A lot of people prefer to do their shopping in small shops.

9.The demand for foods grown and produced without fertilizers has led to the development of an

«organic food» industry.

10.Eating out has become a regular part of everyday life.

Task 6. Explain the following terms to the rest of your group.

supermarket, lunch, brunch, snack, eating out, fast-food restaurant, pub, vegetarianism, dairy product, organic food, health food store, national cuisine, eating habits, healthy food.

Task 7.

a)Comment on the proverb paraphrased in the text.

«What is one man's meat is another man's poison».

b)Do you agree to this proverb? Give your own examples illustrating it.

Task 8. Find in the text the words denoting:

a)names of foodstuffs

b)names of daily meals

c)names of stores selling food

d)names of places where you can eat out

e)components of a national diet

Text B

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Living in Russia one cannot but stick to a Russian diet. Keeping this diet for an Englishman is fatal.

Every person starts his or her day with breakfast. Poor Englishmen are sentenced to either continental or an English breakfast. A continental breakfast actually means that one has no breakfast at all, because it means drinking a cup of coffee and eating a bun. The English breakfast is a bit better, as it consists of one or two fried eggs, grilled sausages, bacon, tomatoes and mushrooms. The English have tea with milk and toast with butter and marmalade. As a choice one may have corn flakes with milk and sugar or porridge.

In Russia people may have anything for breakfast. Some individuals even prefer soup, but, of course, sandwiches and coffee are very popular. One can easily understand that in Great Britain by one o'clock people are ready to have lunch. Lunch is the biggest meal of the day. It may be a meat or fish course with soft drinks followed by a sweet course.

The heart of a Russian person fills with joy when the hands of the clock approach three o'clock. His or her dinner includes three courses. A Russian will have a starter (salad, herring, cheese, etc.), soup, steaks, chops, or fish fillets with garnish, a lot of bread, of course, and something to drink. The more the better. At four or five the Russians may have a bite: waffles, cakes with juice, tea, cocoa, or something of the kind.

In Great Britain they have dinner at five or six. Soup may be served then, but British soup is just thin paste and a portion is three times smaller than in Russia. A lot of British prefer to eat out. «Fish and Chips» shops are very popular with their take-away food. The more sophisticated public goes to Chinese, Italian, seafood or other restaurants.

Supper in Russia means one more big meal at seven. In England it is just a small snack - a glass of milk with biscuits at ten.

Most Russians have never counted calories and they are deeply convinced that their food is healthy. Some housewives do not mind to boil, fry, roast, grill, bake and make. Paraphrasing a famous proverb one can say: «What is a Russian man's meat is a British man's poison».

Task 1. Answer the questions.

1.What do the Russians eat for breakfast?

2.What is the usual breakfast for an Englishman?

3.What is the difference between Russian dinner and dinner in Great Britain?

4.Do you think that a daily menu of a Russian is healthy?

5.What do you usually choose for lunch in the refectory at your university?

Text C

Task 1. Before reading the text answer the following questions:

1.What do you think influences a country's food?

2.What influences the food in your country?

Task 2. Read the text about English food.

English Food

Britain has some excellent traditional food: lamb from Wales, shellfish and fresh salmon from Northern Ireland, fresh or smoked fish from Scotland, cheeses from England and Wales.

Englishmen are fond of good plain fold, and they usually want to know what they eat. They like beefsteaks, chops, roast beef and Yorkshire pudding, fried fish and chipped potatoes.

There are usually two courses in the midday meal – a meat course with a tot of vegetables, a sweet dish, perhaps fruit pudding and custards with tea or coffee to finish. In the middle of the afternoon they prefer tea or coffee, sometimes with a cake or biscuit. The British have in fact

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always imported food from abroad. English kitchens, like the English language, absorbed ingredients from all over the world - chickens, rabbits, apples and tea. All of these were successfully incorporated into British dishes. Another important influence on British cooking was of course the weather.

As a result good British food is difficult to find. Only 2 per cent of restaurants in London serve British food. There are many more Italian, Chinese and Indian restaurants. Restaurants serving «British» food tend to be either very expensive and found in luxury hotels, or cheap and nasty serving mainly fried food.

You can eat a good «British» meal without spending a lot of money by going to a pub. Most pubs now serve good value hot and cold meals. They often have family areas where people under 16 can sit and eat.

Most British people, if they go out for a meal or buy a take-away, go to their local Indian or Chinese restaurant. There are over 8000 Indian restaurants in Great Britain and most towns, however small, have one.

People in Britain are more likely to eat fast food because they spend less time cooking now. An increasing number of people eat convenience food in the evenings. Convenience meals are already cooked - all you have to do is heat them up in the microwave.

About 10 per cent of British people are vegetarians. If you are vegetarian, eating out is quite easy in Britain because there are quite a few vegetarian restaurants. Unfortunately, there are very few good chefs who specialize in vegetarian cuisine, which means that most vegetarian food is rather boring.

Task 3. Comprehension check. Choose the best answer a, b, or c.

1.The author believes that British cooking...

a) is purely traditional . b) has been always bad. c) is international.

2.They say that the British...

a)eat only traditional British food in their homes.

b)prefer good plain food.

c)are real epicures.

3.They say that that the British...

a) eat only once a day.

b) have a two-course meal. c) eat at any time of the day.

4.They say that the British food...

a) has a lot of foreign ingredients. b) is imported abroad.

c) depends on climatic conditions.

5.They say that...

a)you are able to get British food in expensive restaurants.

b)most of the restaurants in London serve British food.

c)the restaurants serve only boiled or half-cooked dishes. 6. The author points out that...

a)nowadays it is very unusual for British people to cook British food.

b)you will be able to get more good traditional British dishes in pubs.

c)there is no hope for English food. 7. If you are a vegetarian...

a)eating out is easy in Britain.

b)you only have to cook yourself.

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c) most vegetarian food is tasty.

Task 4. Give extended answers to the following questions:

1.Which of the dishes mentioned in the text can you find in your country?

2.Do you agree that food is as much a part of a country culture as its landscape, language and literature?

3.How different is British food from food in your country?

4.Do you think British eating habits are healthy? Do you think eating habits in your country are healthy?

5.Which are your favorite places to eat in your country? Why?

Text D

Task 1. Read the text and say what new facts you have learnt about American food.

Eating American Style

The popular view outside the US that Americans survive on cheeseburgers, Coke and French fries is as accurate as the American popular view that the British live on tea and fish ‘n’ chips and the Germans only on beer and sausage.

America has two strong advantages when it comes to food. The first is that as the leading agricultural nation it has always been well supplied with fresh meats, fruits and vegetables in great variety at relatively low prices. This is one reason why steak or roast beef is probably the most «typical» American food and fruit dishes and salads are so common. The second advantage America has enjoyed is that immigrants have brought with them the traditional food of their countries and cultures. The variety of foods and styles is simply amazing: French, German, Greek, Italian, Mexican, Chinese traditions are now at home in the United States. The expression «as American as apple pie» means something that is typically American, but even apple pie came from somewhere else. The true American foods are those that the Native Americans gave the first settlers, such as corn, pumpkin, turkey and sweet potatoes, and they are still eaten at Thanksgiving.

Americans enjoy tasting new dishes and exotic ones are among their favorites.

There seem to be some trends in America at present which are connected with foods and dining. Growing numbers of Americans are more regularly going out to eat in restaurants. One reason is that they are not too expensive. Another reason, probably most important, is that many American women today do not feel that their lives are best spent in the kitchen. At the same time, there is an increase in fine cooking as a hobby for both men and women. The other trend is that as a result of nationwide health campaigns, Americans in general are eating a much lighter diet. Cereals and grain foods, fruits and vegetables, fish and salads are eaten instead of heavy and sweet food.

The food industry produces a wide variety of low-fat diary and meat products.

Finally, there is an international trend to «fast food» chains which sell pizza, hamburgers, chicken, salads, sandwiches, sea-food, French-fried potatoes, hot dogs, various ice cream and desserts, especially favoured by Americans.

The first fast-food chains like Mс. Donald’s, Burger King, Arby's and Wendy's have been joined by the other chains some of which offer Mexican, Chinese and other ethnic foods. The cost of the food in such restaurants is frequently cheaper than if one prepares similar food in one's kitchen. So, an entire family may frequently go to eat at fast food places for convenience and economy.

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Task. 2. Comprehension questions.

1. What is the popular view about American, German and British food?

2.What are the two advantages that Americans enjoy when it comes to food?

3.What American food is still eaten at Thanksgiving?

4.Why is it popular to eat out in America?

5.What kind of food is considered to be healthy?

6.What are the results of the nation-wide health campaigns in America?

7.What is «fast-food»?

8.What are the examples of fast-food restaurants?

9.Why do American families visit fast-food places?

Task 3. Agree or disagree with the statements. Expand on your answer.

1.Americans as the leading agricultural nation has always been supplied with agricultural products.

2.The US follows the traditions of many foreign cuisines.

3.The true American food never existed.

4.American women prefer to cook at home spending hours in the kitchen.

5.Fast-food restaurants can't offer Americans a good service and healthy food.

Task 4. Read the text again and make a list of dishes (products) that American family can eat during a week at home or outside.

Speech Patterns and Dialogues

Task 1. Working in pairs make up mini-dialogues using the following patterns.

Task 2. Read the dialogue and practice it. Make up your own dialogues.

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Task 3. Read the dialogue and practice it with your partner. Speak about the dishes served in the pubs for lunch.

Sheila So would I. No, I think I'd like the shepherd's pie.

Barman Here's the shepherd's pie, miss. Be careful, the plate's hot. And here are your sandwiches, sir. And you wanted two sausages, didn't you?

Tim Yes, please.

Sheila We haven't got any cutlery. We need knives and forks. Tim And you'd like salt and pepper, wouldn't you, Sheila? Sheila Yes, please.

Barman You don't need spoons, do you? Tim No. Why don't we sit over there?

Sheila That's too near the people who are playing darts. I'm going to sit at the bar.

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Task 4. Read the dialogue and act out similar conversations.

Dinner

Waiter Here are your drinks. What would you like for dinner?

Mr. Hunt We'd like two steaks.

Waiter Would you like any vegetables?

Mr. Hunt Yes, some peas and some roast potatoes.

Mrs. Hunt I'd like some chips, please.

Mr. Hunt Red wine for her.

Task 5. Insert the missing parts of the dialogue using the key words and expressions given in brackets.

In a restaurant

A.Where shall we sit? There are many vacant seats.

B.(Suggests near the dance-floor. /At the window. / In the corner.)

A.Here is the menu card. Have a look at it. What do they offer?

B.(Names many dishes.)

A.Shall we take any soup?

B.(Explains that she is not fond of soup.)

A.What would you like to take for a second course?

B.(Suggests roast chicken. / Mutton chop.)

A.Shall we drink anything?

B.(Some dry wine. Beer. Lemonade. Mineral water.)

A. Waiter, will you take our order? Two roast chickens, mineral water, etc.

Task 6. Reconstruct the dialogue putting the replies in the right order and act it out.

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At the Student's Canteen

A

-I think I'll take chicken broth and stewed meat with vegetables. Any dessert?

-Fine, would you like any appetizers?

-It's high time to have a snack. Would you like to go to our buffet?

-All right. Let it be our refectory then.

-Oh, the choice is very good. For the first course we can take either mushroom soup or chicken broth. For the second course they serve rissoles with mashed potatoes, fried fish with chips and stewed meat with vegetables.

B

-I shall have mushroom soup and rissoles. And what about you?

-As for me, I'd rather have a good substantial dinner. What about going to our refectory?

-Let's have black coffee and ice-cream.

-Have a look at the menu. What do they serve today?

-I don't think I'll have any.

Communicative Activity

Task 1. Do you like fast food, or do you prefer to eat something that takes longer to cook? Try to think of some food items that are quick to prepare and healthy to eat?

Task 2. What is your favourite food? How is it prepared? Speak about your likes and dislikes. Is there any food product that you hate?

Task 3. Your US pan pal is a vegetarian and is coming to visit you. What local dishes would he/she be able to eat? Explain why?

Task 4. Write a menu for a day for:

a person who wants to lose weight

a person who wants to gain wait

Task 5. What national cuisine have you ever tasted? Which did you like most? Why? What is special about it?

Task. 6. Look through the list of drinks and say which of them are good for your health and which are not. Support your opinion.

Model: I think that milk is a healthy drink, because it contains a lot of vitamins and calcium

orange juice, tea, coffee, beer, scotch whiskey, Coca-Cola, champagne, dry cherry, ale, soft cocktail, Bloody Mary, cocoa, herbal tea.

Task 7. Before going to the supermarket, almost all of us make up shopping lists. Imagine what can there be in the shopping list of

a bachelor

a housewife having two children

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