- •И.Д. Латфуллина, е.Ю. Шутова, е.Г.Брунова
- •1.1 Answer the following questions:
- •1.5 Translate and memorize the following word-combinations:
- •1.6 Make up your own sentences with the words and word-combinations from activity 1.5.
- •1.8 Match the following words and word-combinations in a with their synonyms in b:
- •1.9 Give the English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •1.10 Study the information about studying at a University:
- •1.11 Replace the underlined verbs with less formal verbs that have the same meaning in the context:
- •1.12 Fill the gaps with a suitable word:
- •1.13 Read these sentences spoken by university students. What is each person studying?
- •1.14 Complete the following sentences:
- •1.15 Translate the following sentences into English:
- •1. 16 Correspond the names in a with the following numbers in b:
- •1.17 Read the sentences and decide which word a, b, or c best fits each space.
- •1.18 Answer the questions:
- •1.19 Read the text and guess what institutions are located in the sites described in the text. Choose the answer from the list below:
- •1.20 Speak about the University according to the following schemes:
- •2.4 Read the names of the faculties and specialities:
- •2.6 Match the word-combinations in a with their Russian equivalents in b:
- •2.7 Think over your own sentences with the following words and word-combinations:
- •2.8 Match the words and word-combinations in a with their meanings in b:
- •2.9 Fill in the correct word(s) from the list below to make up a phrase. Use the words only once.
- •2.10 Complete the sentences:
- •2.11 Study the information about exams and education:
- •2 12 What questions could you ask to get these answers?
- •2.13 Answer the following questions:
- •Would you like to…? I’m afraid, I can’t...
- •2.15 Speak about your Institute / faculty. Use the table:
- •3.1 Discuss the following questions:
- •3.2 Read the Geographical names correctly, then complete the table that follows.
- •3.3 Some of these sentences are correct, but some need the (perhaps more than once). Correct the sentences where necessary.
- •3.4 Read through the text and match these headings with the passages:
- •3.5 Memorize the following words and word-combinations. Then find the sentences with them in the text and translate them.
- •3.6 Match the words and word-combinations in a with their synonyms in b:
- •3.7 Give the English equivalents for the following:
- •3.8 Match the adjectives on the left with the corresponding nouns on the right:
- •3.9 Are these statements true (t) or false (f)? If the statement is false, correct it.
- •3.10 Translate into English:
- •3.11 Complete the following sentences using the information from the text:
- •3.12 Answer the following questions:
- •3.13 Study the factfile:
- •3.14 Speak about the country you live in.
- •4.1 Answer the questions:
- •4.2 Read the text through to be ready to do a few exercises after it. The Tyumen Region
- •4.3 Match the words and word-combinations in a with their Russian equivalents in b:
- •4.4 Combine the words in a and b to form phrases:
- •4.5 Think over your own sentences with the words and word-combinations in activities 4.3, 4.4.
- •4.6 Read the passages and number them in the correct order:
- •4.7 Give the Russian equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4.8 Read these statements about the Tyumen Region. Are they true or false?
- •4.9 Complete the following sentences:
- •4.10 Answer the following questions:
- •4.11 Prove that:
- •4.12 Study the factfile (according to the statistics data of 2002):
- •4.13 Speak about the Tyumen Region.
- •5.1 Pre-text discussion:
- •5.2 Read through the text to be ready to do the exercises after it.
- •5.4 Fill in the correct adjectives (a, b or c):
- •5.5 Say what are the best and the worst things about living in the city. Use the following word-combinations:
- •5.6 Make a list of advantages and disadvantages of living in Tyumen. Give two columns. Use the following adjectives:
- •5.7 Say what features and facilities Tyumen has and hasn’t got.
- •5.8 Complete the dialogues in a suitable way. Fill in the gaps with the following words and word-combinations:
- •5.13 Speak about the city you live in. Bibliography:
- •Подписано в печать Тираж зкз.
- •625003, Тюмень, Семакова, 10.
3.1 Discuss the following questions:
1 What country were you born? Is it your Motherland?
2 What do you know about Russia?
3 Where do you live nowadays?
4 How do you imagine the future of your country?
3.2 Read the Geographical names correctly, then complete the table that follows.
Russia - [`rΛ∫ə], Finland - [`finlənd], Estonia - [es`təunjə], Latvia - [`lætviə], Lithuania - [liθju(:)`einjə], Belarus - [`bjelərus], Ukraine - [ju(:)`krein], Poland - [`poulənd], Kaliningrad - [kəli:nin`gra:d], Georgia - [`dʒo:dʒjə], Azerbaijan - [a:zə:bai`dʒa:n], Kazakhstan - [ka:za:h`sta:n], Mongolia - [moŋ`gouljə], China - [`t∫ainə], Korea - [kə`riə], the Baltic Sea - [ðə `bo:ltik `si:], the Black Sea - [ðə `blæk `si:], the Caspian Sea - [ðə `kæspiən `si:], the Azov Sea - [ði `a:zəv `si:], the Arctic Ocean - [ði `a:ktik `ou∫(ə)n], the White Sea - [ðə wait `si:], the Barents Sea - [ðə `bærənts `si:], the Kara Sea - [ðə `ka:rə `si:], the Laptev Sea - [ðə `la:ptjəf `si:], the East-Siberian Sea - [ði `i:stsai`biəriən `si:], the Pacific Ocean - [ðə pə`sifik `ou∫(ə)n], the Bering Sea - [ðə `beriŋ `si:], the Okhotsk Sea - [ði ou`kotsk `si:], the Japanese Sea - [ðə dʒæpə`ni:z `si:], the European Plain - [ði juərə`pi(:)ən plein], the Ural Mountains - [ði `juər(ə)l `mauntinz], Siberia - [sai`biəriə], the West Siberian Plain - [ðə west sai`biəriən plein], the Central Siberian Plateau - [ðə `sentrəl sai`biəriən `plætou], the Far East - [ðə `fa:r`i:st], Europe - [`juərəp], Asia - [`ei∫ə], the Don - [ðə don], the Volga River - [ðə `vo:lgə], the Ob - [ði `ob], the Yenisey - [ði jeni`sei], Ladoga Lake - [`la:dəgə leik], Baikal - [bai`ka:l], the Kama - [ðə `ka:mə], the Angara - [ði ΛngΛ`ra:].
|
Country |
Ocean |
Sea |
River |
Lake |
Mountain System |
Territory |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.3 Some of these sentences are correct, but some need the (perhaps more than once). Correct the sentences where necessary.
1 River Volga flows into Caspian Sea.
2 Next year we are going to Black Sea.
3 Baikal is deepest lake in world.
4 Ural Mountains are the boundary between Europe and Asia.
5 Mount Narodnaya reaches 1,895 m. It’s highest mountain in Urals.
5 Atlantic Ocean washes Russia in north.
6 Mongolia borders on Russia in south.
7 Tim has travelled a lot in Siberia and in Far East.
8 The climate of Siberia is continental.
9 Angara which flows out of Lake Baikal, an enormous natural reservoir, is practically regulated by nature itself.
10 Some rivers (Pechora, Mezen and Northern Dvina) flow into Barents and White seas while others (Neva with lakes Ladoga, Onega and Ilmen situated in its basin) drain into Baltic Sea.
11 Although Caucasus has a warm climate, the mountains are covered with snow the year round.
3.4 Read through the text and match these headings with the passages:
Climate / Natural Resources / Flora / The Population / The Geographical Outline
Russia
1 With the area of 6,592, 800 square miles (17,075,300 sq km), Russia is the world’s largest country, almost twice the size of either China or the United States.
Russia has the longest border of any country on the Earth. In the west it borders on Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine and Poland through Kaliningrad Region. In the south our country borders on Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China and North Korea.
Russia is washed by twelve seas and three oceans. It confronts the Baltic Sea in the west. The Black, Caspian and Azov Seas wash Russia in the south. The Arctic Ocean and conjoint seas such as the White, Barents, Kara, Laptev, East-Siberian Seas are in the North. The Pacific Ocean and conjoint seas including the Bering, Okhotsk and Japanese Seas wash the country in the east.
Russia is a country of thick forests and wide valleys, of high mountains and bare deserts. Russian’s main regions are the Russian (or the East European) Plain, the Ural Mountains, the West Siberian Plane, the Central Siberian Plateau, and the Far East. The Russian Plain takes on the European part of Russia. The Urals form the eastern boundary of it. It is held that the Urals separate Europe from Asia. The Urals stretch for about 2,100 km from north to south. The highest peak, Mount Narodnaya, reaches 1,895 m. The most important rivers in the European part of Russia are the Don and Volga. The Volga River, which flows to the Caspian Sea, is one of great historic, economic, and cultural importance to Russia. It has become the cradle of such ancient Russian cities as Vladimir, Tver, Jaroslavl, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod. In Western Siberia the greatest rivers are the Ob and Yenisey. They flow along the most extensive lowland in the world. The largest lakes are Ladoga and Baikal. Baikal is the deepest lake in the world and its water is the purest on the Earth. It contains a fifth of the world’s fresh water supplies, more than all five of the Great Lakes of North America combined. Truly unique on the Earth, Baikal is home to more than 1,700 species of plants and animals, two thirds of which can be found nowhere else in the world.
2 Russia ranks sixth in the world in the size of its population. The current population is about 150 million people. The great majority of the population of Russia is Russians. Russia is inhabited by sixty other nationalities, and about twenty-five of these minorities have their own autonomous republics within the Russian Federation. The population in Russia is unequally distributed. The bulk of the people live in the European part of the country. Siberia is insufficiently populated, though its economic development was rapid in the second half of the 20th century. The northern part of Russia is practically uninhabitable because of the length and severity of its winter.
3 There are different types of climate on the territory of Russia. Great ranges of temperature are typical. It is very cold in the north even in summer. The central part of the country has mild climate: winters are cold, springs and autumns are warm or cool, and summers are hot and warm. In the south the temperature is usually above zero all the year round, even in winter. Summer is really hot. The climate there is very favourable. The climate of Siberia is continental: summers are hot and dry, sometimes humid, winters are very cold.
4 Different latitudinal climatic regimes are mirrored in Russian’s flora. A treeless tundra with mosses and grasses extends along the entire Arctic coast. In the south it gives the way to taiga. This coniferous forest growing on swampy ground covers more than half of the country. Southwards taiga is replaced by a zone of mixed coniferous and deciduous forest which in the south transfers into mixed forest-steppe and finally into steppe.
Russia has the world’s largest forest reserves, which supply timber, pulp and paper, and raw materials for woodworking industries.
Because of the harshness of the Russian environment, less than one sixth of the land is used as farmland for growing crops, wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, buckwheat and doing farming.
5 Russia has the richest deposits of mineral resources in the world. The development of the Russian economy is determined by its natural resources. It is one of the world’s biggest producers of coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as of iron ore, copper, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminium, tin, etc. Extensive pipeline systems link producing districts to all parts of Russia and across the border to many European countries. Much of the country’s fuel is converted to electricity, but about a third of the electricity is produced by hydroelectric plants. The largest of these are on the Volga, Kama, Ob, Yenisey and Angara rivers. Russia’s heavy industries are well-developed. They produce much of the nation’s steel and most of its heavy machinery. Russia’s chemical industry is also well-developed. Light industry centres on the production of textiles.