- •U n I t 12
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Give the verbs from which the following nouns are derived:
- •II. Find equvalents:
- •III. Memorize the following word-combinations.
- •IV. Translate the sentences paying attention to the italicized words:
- •V. Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs if necessary:
- •VI. Match each term in Column a with its definition in Column b:
- •1. «Prices act as signals to the market.» This means that
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Find in the text the terms corresponding to the definitions:
- •II. Say whether these statements are true or false and if they are
- •III. Change the sentences according to the pattern:
- •IV. Make the following sentences passive:
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •Reading drills
- •1. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •Comments
- •Vocabulary exercises
- •I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the following words and
- •II. Give the corresponding nouns to the following verbs:
- •IV. Say whether these statements are true or false and if they are
- •V. Define which of the following items best completes the statement:
- •VI. Complete the following sentences:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Replace the Ukrainian words and phrases by suitable English
- •Communicative situations
- •IV. Choose the proper form of the Infinitive in brackets:
- •V. Define the form of the Infinitive:
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VII. Complete the following sentences using the Infinitive
- •VIII. Define the function of the Infinitive:
- •IX. Translate the sentences into English using the Infinitive
- •The Prepositional Infinitive Complex
- •X. Make sentences using the «for-phrases» with Infinitives:
- •XI. Change the sentences according to the Pattern:
- •XII. State the function of the Prepositional Infinitive Complex:
- •XIII. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the Prepositional
- •Infinitive Complex:
- •XIV. Complete the sentences in your own way:
- •XV. Translate into English:
- •Exercises for individual work
- •I. Choose the proper form of the Infinitive:
- •II. Paraphrase the sentences using «for-phrases» with Infinitives:
- •III. Combine the two sentences using «for-phrases» with Infinitives:
- •IV. Translate into English:
Vocabulary exercises
I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the following words and
word-combinations. Use them in the sentences of your own:
currency; securities; the use of money or property; for a limited period of time; interest rate; unit price; to ration scarce resources; to motivate production; the rationing effect of prices; to attract additional producers; to drive producers out of the market; prices encourage producers; to increase or decrease the level of output; exchange rate; production-motivating function of prices.
II. Give the corresponding nouns to the following verbs:
a) to transfer, to practice, to exchange, to increase, to decrease, to level, to respond, to control, to service, to market, to effect, to rate, to ration, to base, to function, to message, to supply, to rise, to price, to demand;
b) to restrict, to allocate, to produce, to describe, to govern, to distribute, to attract, to perform, to motivate, to organise.
Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from
the list:
scarce resources; securities; production; price; amount of money; level of output; services; a commodity; producers; supply and demand.
1. In economics, the term ________ denotes the consideration in cash for the transfer of something valuable. 2. Price may refer either to one unit of _________ or to the amount of money payable for a specified number of units. 3. Prices perform two important economic functions: they ration __________ , and they motivate _________ . 4. Similarly, price decreases drive ________ out of the market. 5. Prices encourage producers to increase or decrease their __________ . 6. Prices may be either free to respond to changes in __________ or controlled by the government. 7. In commercial practice price is normally restricted to the _________ payable for goods, __________ , and __________ .
IV. Say whether these statements are true or false and if they are
false say why:
1. In economics, the term «price» denotes the consideration in cash for the transfer of something valuable. 2. In commercial practice it is restricted to the amount of money payable for goods and services. 3. Interest rate is the price paid for borrowing money for a period of time. 4. Exchange rate is the price of one currency in terms of another. 5. Supply and demand determine prices in a market economy. 6. Price may refer only to one unit of a commodity. 7. Price decreases drive producers out of the market. 8. Prices perform many important functions. 9. In a market system goods and services are allocated, or distributed, based on their price. 10. Prices are always controlled by the government.
V. Define which of the following items best completes the statement:
When an item becomes scarce, its price rises and, as a result, fewer people buy it. This statement illustrates
a. the rationing effect of prices.
b. the production-motivating effect of prices.
c. the law of supply.
d. the effect of a shift in demand.
VI. Complete the following sentences:
1. In economics, the term «price» denotes ... . 2. Interest rate is ... . 3. Exchange rate is ... . 4. Price may refer either to ... . 5. Economists describe that ... . 6. Prices perform two important economic functions ... . 7. As a general rule, the more scarce something is ... . 8. Prices may be either free to respond to changes in supply and demand or ... .