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text ma rke r, in /ou t tra y, wa ste pap er bas ket (A m. bin ), wo rkst atio n

Ex.3. It so happens that many people spend more time in their office than at home. What things do you think can be used to decorate or personalise an office without spoiling its professional image? Discuss it with your partner.

Ex.4. Describe a room where a secretary/a receptionist works, their workstation and office equipment they usually use.

Ex.5. Rosa works as a chief executive secretary in a large industrial company. a) Which of the following statements do you think are true of her in her job?

1.She works at a computer most of the time, where she writes letters and reports.

2.She does quite a lot of general paperwork, e.g. filing reports, answering letters and others.

3.She makes a lot of phone calls.

4.She sends faxes occasionally.

5.She often shows people around the office.

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6.Every time she takes part in the negotiations as an interpreter.

7.She arranges meetings for her boss and other managers in the company.

8.She attends all the conferences or meetings in the company.

b) Describe Rosa’s job and her everyday duties.

Ex.6. Read the following two texts about office equipment.

Photocopying machine or (photo) copier.

Walk into almost any business office, and you'll probably find a photocopier ("copier") with a line of people waiting to use it. For most businesses, small or large, the copier has become standard equipment, much like having a desk to work at and a chair to sit on.

It’s pretty amazing to think that, in mere seconds, you can produce an exact replica of what’s on a sheet of paper!

The procedure of producing a copy is very simple.

1.Make sure the photocopier is plugged into a power source.

2.Turn the photocopier on.

3.Open the copier lid.

4.Place the document to be photocopied face-down on the

glass.

5.Select the options you want (number of pages, enlargements, lighter/darker).

6.Press the button “Start”.

Fax machine or fax

Even though traditional fax machine is fast being replaced by e-mail and Internet fax services, this workplace workhorse is still used for transmitting information. They are easy to use and resemble dialing a telephone. Here are some basic instructions for sending a fax.

1.Make sure the fax machine is plugged in, powered and connected to a working phone jack. Turn on the fax machine.

2.Fill out a piece of paper called a coversheet with

the information about the recipient’s name, his fax

number, your phone number, a short message intended for the recipient, number of pages (including coversheet).

3. Lay the documents face-up in the fax machine feeder tray with the coversheet on top.

4.Dial the recipient’s fax number.

5.Press the ‘fax’ or ‘send’ button, depending on the particular fax machine model.

As soon as all of the pages have been scanned into the memory of the fax machine, you’ll hear a series of signals which mean establishing a communication link. Wait for a few minutes as the fax is sent and then see a short confirmation report.

Ex.7. Explain to your new colleague how to use

a photocopier;

a fax machine;

a scanner;

a printer.

You may need the following phrases and linking words:

First, you must …. Then, you have to … (it’s necessary).

You needn’t /You don’t have to … (it’s not necessary).

If you press this key, the computer prints out the reading.

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If you press this key by mistake, you’ll lose all the data.

Work in pairs

Ex.8. Read these mini-dialogues and role-play them.

1.

O. Bruno, can you send us your pricelist by fax?

B. Sure. I’ll fax you right now. What’s your fax number?

O. 38 for Ukraine, 044 for Kyiv, then 455 77 07.

B. OK. I’ve got that.

2.

B. Have you got my fax, Oleg? Is everything legible?

O. You’re not going to believe this, but the paper got stuck and the machine jammed. B. No problem. I’ll send it through again.

3.

S. Will you be using the photocopier for long, Sue? D. No. Why?

S. OK. I’ll wait then. I need to make a copy of the report for our meeting.

4.

S. Will you be using the photocopier for long, Danielle?

D. Oh, yes. I’ve got a pile of papers to copy.

S. Sorry, could you stop for a minute and let me make one copy, please? Our boss needs it urgently.

Ex.9. Complete the dialogues. 1.

A.__________________________________________?

B.Sure. I’ll fax you right now. What’s your fax number?

A.__________________________________________

B.OK. I’ve got that.

2.

A.Have you got my fax, Berta? Is everything legible?

B.__________________________________________

A.No problem. I’ll send it through again.

3.

A.__________________________________________?

B.No. Why?

A. __________________________________________

Ex.10. Now make dialogues of your own and role-play them with your partner. GRAMMAR

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Ex.1. Read and translate the sentences. Write out the verbs in the Present Perfect.

1.Alex has always wanted to go to Tibet, but he has never had such a chance.

2.Put your wallet away, I’ve already paid for everything.

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3.Gabi has just told me that she is getting married.

4.Where did you buy that round Persian rug you’ve got in the hall?

5.You’ve missed her – if you hurry, you’ll catch her in the street.

6.I often see this guy but I have never spoken to him.

7.I have a gut feeling that he has failed the interview.

8.Dick has been out of work for about a year, and he has been desperate all this time.

9.Calm down, Liz. John has just phoned! He has got the job!

-Has he? Oh, I’m so glad for him. It has never been easy to find a job, particularly a good one. 10.- You’re right. There has been an increase in unemployment in our country recently.

-Moreover, the situation is getting worse and worse these days.

Ex.2. The Present Perfect: full and short forms.

Task A: Change the full Present Perfect forms to contractions:

1.I have forgotten her address. – I’ve forgotten her address.

2.I have not noticed anything so far. – I haven’t noticed anything so far.

3.You have said that. – _____________________________________________.

4.It (The train) has already arrived. – ___________________________________.

5.It has not rained this month. – _______________________________________.

6.Dr. Adamson is not here. He has just left. – ____________________________.

7.Look! She has caught a big fish! – ___________________________________.

8.Patricia has not been at home for three years. – _________________________.

9.We have never enjoyed Christmas as much as this one. – _________________.

10.They have been here before. – _______________________________________.

Task B: Are these contractions has or is?

1.She’s arrived. → She has arrived.

2.She’s tired. → She is tired.

3.He’s worried.

4.He’s eaten.

5.She’s outgrown all her school clothes.

6.The dog’s escaped.

7.The cat’s hungry.

8.She’s ill.

9.She’s had a cold.

10.She’s never met his ex-wife.

Ex.4. Read the poem. Pay attention to the way of making questions.

Have you ever seen the beaches of Mexico? Have you ever walked the streets of San Juan? Have you ever been to Haiti?

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Have you ever been to Spain?

Have you ever walked barefoot in a heavy rain?

Have you ever been in trouble?

Have you ever been in pain?

Have you ever been in love?

Would you do it all again?

Well, I’ve never seen the beaches of Mexico.

I’ve never walked the streets of San Juan.

I’ve never been to Haiti.

I’ve never been to Spain.

I’ve never walked barefoot in a heavy rain.

But I’ve sure been in trouble,

I’ve sure been in pain,

I’ve sure been in love,

I’d do it all again.

Ex.5. Ask general questions using the following word combinations.

Model:

change a wheel on a car → Have you ever changed a wheel on a car?

take money out of a cash machine → Have you taken money out of a cash machine recently?

1.waste money on something you’ve never used

2.lose a credit card or your wallet

3.lend money to someone who didn’t pay you back

4.borrow money from your friends or someone in your family

5.buy or sell something on the Internet

6.have your own account with a bank

7.win a competition

8.have your photograph in the newspaper

9.break something valuable

10.forget your front door key

Ex.6. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect to make up questions. Complete the answers providing additional information.

1.You ever (eat) at Maxim’s restaurant? – Yes, I _______. → Have you ever eaten at Maxim’s restaurant? – Yes, I have. They have a wonderful cook there!

2.Your sister (pass) the entrance exams? – Yes, she ________ .

3.You (hear) from Nellie lately? – No, I _________.

4.You (see) my gloves anywhere? – No, I’m afraid I ________ .

5.He (find) his watch? - Yes, he _________ .

6.You (pay) the electricity bill yet? – No, I _________.

7.How long you (know) Derek? – I ____________ him for about five years.

8.You (spend) all your money? – No, I ___________ only half of it.

9.And what about Betty? - You wouldn’t believe! She _______ (spend) everything, to a penny.

10.You _______ (see) Charles lately? – No, I ________ him since Christmas.

Ex.7. Respond to the following, using the Present Perfect.

1.Why don’t you join me and have lunch?

– I’ve already had lunch. I’m not hungry.

2.This is a very good dictionary. George, you may need it in your studies. Why don’t we buy it? –______________.

3.Why don’t you apply for this job? You may get it. - _______________.

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4.Why don’t you speak to the boss? ____________________.

5.Why don’t you phone and explain everything to him? ____________.

6.Why don’t you try on these shoes? _______________.

7.Why don’t you say ‘Happy birthday’ to Sally? She used to be your friend. ____.

8.Why don’t we invite her to our party? _____________________.

9.If you need some help, why don’t you ask me or somebody else? ___________.

10.Why don’t we go and see this film? – Oh no, _______________ (twice).

Ex.8. Choose the correct word (adverb of time) in italics. In some sentences both variants are possible. Translate the sentences.

1.John Grisham is a well-known American writer. He has written about twenty novels still/so far.

2.They have already/still employed a new supervisor.

3.Jeff is very sad. He has ever/just failed the exam.

4.We’ve just/already gone through the customs.

5.Have you never/ever tasted paella? – Yes, I have. I tasted it when I was on holiday in Spain.

6.You’re just in time. The concert hasn’t begun still/yet.

7.I have never/just seen this film before.

8.Have you seen any good films since/ lately?

9.The secretary has typed ten letters this morning yet/so far.

10.Our neighbours have moved to another town recently/so far.

Ex.9. Fill in for or since.

1.______ 2010 – since 2010

2.______ two hours

3.______ I was five.

4.______ ages

5.______ they moved to Italy

6.______ six months

7.______ we were at college

8.______ half an hour.

9.______ last spring

10.______ a long time

Ex.10. Complete the sentences, choosing for or since and putting the verbs into the correct form. The first two sentences have been done for you.

1.Claudia __________ (not, learn) very much ______ the term began. She needs to study harder. – Claudia has not learnt very much since the term began. She needs to study harder.

2.The Browns __________ (live) here ______ a long time. They __________ (live) here

______ 1990. – The Browns have lived here for a long time. They have lived here since 1990.

3.I _________ (not, see) Molly ______ she left the office.

4.He _________ (not, phone) us ______ Sunday.

5.Ann and Andy __________ (move) three times ______ they got married.

6.They ________ (be married) ______ last year.

7.We __________ (not, be) to the cinema ______ ages.

8.Jenny ________ (be ill) ______ last week.

9.I _________ (not, talk) to her ______ days.

10.It _________ (not, rain) ______ the end of July.

11.Sylvia ________ (be) with the publishing company ______ 1995.

12.You must have bought your Porsche quite recently. It looks great! – Nothing of the kind. I

__________ (have) it ______ three years.

13.How many invitations _____ you__________ (writе) ______ morning?

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14.How long _____ you __________ (know) Paul? – Uh, ______ many years.

15.We __________ (be) friends ______ our schooldays.

Ex.11. Fill in the gaps with have/has gone to, have/has been to or have/has been in.

1.Alice isn’t here at the moment. She ______ just ______ the trading centre, and I don’t think she’ll be back very soon.

2.Sheila __________ the USA twice.

3.How long ______ they ______ Stoke-on-Trent?

4.______ you ever ______ London?

5.Mr. Smith __________ New Orleans for nearly four years.

6.Phil, are you alone in the house? Where is everybody? – Mum __________ the cinema with Julia. As for Dad, he _________ the golf club.

7.Are you going to the sports centre? – No, I ______ already ______ there.

8.Hi, Jim! Have you seen Mark? – Yes. He ______ just ______ the newsagent’s to get some envelopes.

9.I hear you are going to Bern? – That’s right. I have always wanted to go there. I ______

never ______ Switzerland.

10.My sister Amy lives in Bern with her family. They __________ Switzerland for three years. I can ask her to show you around the city if you want.

Ex.12. Change the sentences using the construction It’s/This is the first/second/third/fourth time I/he + the Present Perfect.

Model:

Bill is a bit nervous. He has never driven a car before. (the first time) →

Bill is a bit nervous. It’s the first time he has driven a car.

1.Don’t be so critical! Mathew has never played baseball before. (the first time)

2.I have never ridden on a camel before. It is so unusual!

3.I have never eaten Indonesian food before.

4.You say the Four Seasons? That must be very expensive. – It is expensive, but the hotel is very comfortable and the service is impeccable. I have never stayed in such a luxury hotel before.

5.The children are very excited. They have never been on a plane before.

6.We have never raised and seriously discussed such a question.

7.We have complained to the manager twice.

8.Ron, how’s that? You’ve lost your keys again. (the second time this month.)

9.Oh, dear! You’ve damaged your car again! (the third time)

10.Robert has phoned her three times this evening. (the fourth time)

Ex.13. Read the sentences below and express the same idea in a different way.

Model:

I have never seen such a good comedy. → It/This is the best comedy I have ever seen.

1.We have never had such a wonderful New Year party before!

2.I have never visited such an old castle before.

3.How do you like his new novel? - Honestly, I have never read such a boring book!

4.I have never eaten at such a nice restaurant. The meal is delicious here!

5.The coffee is disgusting! I have never tasted such awful coffee.

6.Cathy is so patient and tolerant of other people. – You’re right. I have never met such a patient person.

7.Do you enjoy your new job? – Oh, yes. I have never had such a good job.

8.I’m glad Steve agreed to work with us. I have never met anyone more reliable and responsible than he is.

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9.This painting of yours is really fantastic! I have never seen anything better.

10.Your new song is brilliant! I have never heard anything better!

Ex.14. Read the sentences in the box, and then match them with their description. Explain your choice.

Model:

My elder brother has been in Stockholm since 2006. – (a) It started in the past and continues up to the present. My elder brother lives and works there now.

Look! They have finally painted the house! – (d) The result is visible. You can see it now.

Ex.15. Correct the mistakes if there are any.

1.Let’s wait a little. He hasn’t phone yet.

2.Have you heard the news? Tom and Lucy got married.

3.Is Jill in the office? - I don’t know. I haven’t seen her all day.

4.I am at university since nine o’clock.

5.It’s the first time he have given us an interview.

6.Sorry, Colin, I haven’t still booked the flight.

7.Karen has been to the baker’s. She’ll be home very soon.

8.Have you finished the project? – Yes, we have. We’ve finished it two days ago.

9.Sharon has been on the phone for ages.

10.John hasn’t answered my letter not yet.

11.My husband doesn’t sleep very well recently.

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12.He has been one of the leading fashion designers from the early 1980s.

13.I haven’t saw Martha for months. How’s she?

14.This is the third time Alan goes to Milan this year.

15.Really? He is lucky. By the way, did you ever go to Italy?

Ex. 16. Translate the dialogue into English.

-Энн, я не бачила тебе вже сто років. Де ти пропадала весь цей час?

-Я була в довгостроковому (тривалому) відрядженні в Торонто (to be on a business trip). Я щойно приїхала звідти.

-Торонто? Я була там двічі. Гарне місто.

-Розповідай, де ти живеш, працюєш! Як життя?

-Працюю я в канадській фірмі у відділі маркетингу і реклами. Ось уже рік, як я там працюю. Нещодавно я вийшла заміж.

-Дійсно? А хто він?

-Ти його не знаєш. Це Гері Кларк з нашої фірми.

-Він іноземець?

-Так, мій чоловік з Канади. Але мешкає і працює тут вже кілька років. Досить гарно спілкується українською.

-Ви мешкаєте з батьками чи окремо (on your own)?

-У нас невелика квартира неподалік від центру міста. А як ти?

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Ex.17. Read and translate the sentences. Write out the verbs in the Present Perfect Continuous.

1.Mr. Grace has been teaching at the University of Leeds for ten years.

2.The professor has been explaining this math problem for an hour and the students still can’t understand it.

3.In 1956, the first fully automatic mobile phone system was developed by Ericson and was commercially released in Sweden. Since that time people have been using mobile phones.

4.They have been developing two new software programmes since the beginning of the year.

5.What have you been doing since I last saw you?

6.We have been advertising these products for six months.

7.Sorry, I haven’t finished typing. I’ve been dealing with customers all day.

8.The streets are all wet. It has been raining all night.

9.Tom and Mary have been going out together since Christmas.

10.Andrea and Laura haven’t been working together for long.

11.What’s the matter, Hannah? Your eyes are red. You’ve been crying, haven’t you? – No, I’m fine. I’ve just been watching a sad film, that’s all.

Ex.18. Write and read the he/she/it forms. Make other necessary changes.

1.I’ve been phoning Maggie all day, but there’s never a reply. – He __________.

2.I’ve been learning Chinese for three years, but I still can’t speak. – My friend

_______________________________________________________________.

3.You have been coming back home late every day for the last month. – Mathew

_______________________________________________________________.

4.You know that I have been working overtime lately. – You know that he

_________________.

5.Philip’s parents have been waiting all week for the news from their son. – Philip’s mother

__________________________________________________.

6.They have been building this bridge for ages. – This construction company

______________________________________.

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7.I’ve been sorting out the mess on my desk all day. – Bill

______________________________________________________.

8.I’m tired. I have been ironing all day. – Natalie _________________________.

9.I have you been using this coffee machine for three years. – She ________________.

10.I’ve been packing our things all morning. – Monica______________________.

Ex.19. Complete the sentences, putting the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect Continuous.

1.Tracy (talk) _______________ on the phone for about twenty minutes.

2.They (interview) _______________ the candidates for over two hours.

3.George says that their company is likely to change the management structure. They (plan)

_______________ this for a long time.

4.Hi, Jack. Where have you been? We (look for) _______________ you all morning.

5.You (wear) _______________ this jacket for years. It’s old. I think we must buy a new one for you.

6.I (live) _______________ here since last year, but my neighbour Bill (live)

_______________ in the house all his life.

7.Paul, you (smoke) _______________ too much recently. You should cut down on smoking.

8.Everything is white outside. It (snow) _______________ all night.

9.It smells delicious in here. _______________ you (bake) something?

10.Sorry, I’m a bit late. – That’s all right. I (not, wait) _______________ long.

Ex.20. Ask questions using the question words in brackets.

1.We have been working on this project for two years. (How long?)

2.Mike has been working with us since January. (Since when?)

3.He is an experienced specialist. But you know, he has been making too many mistakes lately. (Who?)

4.I hear Sharon is looking for a new job. - Yes, she is. She has been looking for it for about two or three months. (What?)

5.It seems strange but she has been avoiding me over the last few days. (Why?)

Ex.21. In pairs, ask and answer questions.

Model:

Valerie, run the hotel, since last year.

-Has Valerie been running the hotel since Mr. Norris retired?

-How long has Valerie been running the hotel? - She has been running it since last year.

2.People, use the telephone, 1876. – ____________________________________

3.People, watch television, the late 1930s. – ______________________________

4.People, print newspapers, the early 1600s. – ____________________________

5.People in Japan, travel by “bullet trains”, 1964. – ________________________

Ex.22. Make up sentences using the Present Perfect Continuous to indicate the recent activities of the person or temporary effects. You can use the prompts in the list below.

To eat pasta with ketchup, to wash the car; to play in the mud; to write for three hours/all morning; to run; to lie in the sun for too long

1.Look! Little Stella has lipstick and mascara all over her face. - She has been playing with her mother’s cosmetics.

2.You are wet through. What have you been doing? – I ___________________ .

3.Look! Her skin is sunburned. – She ________________.

4.You have ketchup on your face. - __________________.

5.My hand is tired. - _______________.

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