Unit 2. The un General Assembly. The un Security Council. Text 1 The un General Assembly

Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.

The General Assembly is composed of representatives of all member nations. Each nation may send not more than five representatives to each session. Each nation is entitled to one vote.

The General Assembly meets in regular annual sessions and in special sessions when necessary. Special sessions are convoked by the Secretary General at the request of the Security Council or of a majority of the members of the UN.

Decisions on important matters, such as international peace and security, admitting new members, the UN budget are decided by two-thirds majority. In recent years, a special effort has been made to reach decisions through consensus, rather than by formal vote.

Any matter within the scope of the charter may be brought before the General Assembly, which may make recommendations on all except issues on the agenda of the Security Council. However, the General Assembly in November, 1950, decided that if the Security Council, because of lack of unanimity among its permanent members, fails to exercise its primary responsibility for maintenance of international peace and security, in any case where there appears to be a threat to peace, breach of peace or act of aggression, the Assembly may consider it and recommend collective measures including the use of armed forces to maintain or restore peace. In such cases, the General Assembly may be convened within 24 hours in an emergency special session.

Active vocabulary

1. to be composed of - состоять из

syn. to consist of, to comprise smth., smb.

2. member nations – страны-члены ООН

3. to be entitled to one vote - иметь право на один голос

4. at the request of the Security Council - по просьбе Совета Безопасности

5. at the request of a majority of the UN members - по просьбе большинства стран-членов ООН

6. any matter within the scope of the charter - любой вопрос, не противоречащий уставу ООН

7. to be brought before the General Assembly - быть представленным на рассмотрение сессии Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН

8. on the agenda - на повестке дня

9. to put on the agenda - включить в повестку дня

10. lack of unanimity - отсутствие единодушия (единства)

11. permanent members - постоянные члены

12. to fail to exercise its primary responsibility - оказаться не в состоянии выполнять свою первостепенную (главную) задачу

13. to be a threat to peace - быть угрозой миру

14. a breach of peace - нарушение мира

15. to recommend collective measures - рекомендовать коллективные меры

16. to restore peace - восстановить мир

17. to be convened within 24 hours - быть созванным в течение 24 часов

18. an emergency special session - чрезвычайная, внеочередная сессия

19. two-thirds majority – большинство в 2/3.

20. subjects of particular concern – вопросы, вызывающие особую озабоченность

21. to refrain from using force - воздержаться от применения силы

22. most pressing problems – насущные проблемы.

1. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания из текста.

member nations, is entitled to, to meet in regular annual sessions, to be convoked, at the request of, a majority of members, within the scope of the Charter, to be brought before the General Assembly, except issues on the agenda of the Security Council, lack of unanimity, to fail to exercise its primary responsibility, maintenance of international peace and security, a breach of peace, the use of armed forces.

2. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты русским словам и словосочетаниям.

Состоять из представителей, каждая страна, на повестке дня, постоянные члены Совета Безопасности ООН, в любом случае, угроза миру, рекомендовать коллективные меры, использование вооруженных сил, сохранить или восстановить мир, в подобных случаях, чрезвычайная сессия ООН, поддержание международного мира и безопасности, ежегодные сессии, принятие новых членов ООН, достичь соглашения путем консенсуса, отсутствие единства, быть не в состоянии выполнять свою основную задачу.

3. Определите, справедливы ли данные высказывания или нет.

Исправьте неверные утверждения.

1. The UN was established in 1946 by 50 countries.

2. There are currently 150 member states to the UN.

3. According to the Charter the UN has one purpose.

4. The UN is a sort of world government, which makes laws.

5. The UN has four main organs.

6. The General Assembly is a kind of Parliament of nations.

7. Decisions on important matters in the UN General Assembly are decided by one-half majority.

8. The Security Council may convene from September to December.

9. There are 10 Security Council members.

10. There are 5 official languages of the United Nations.

4. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

1) What is the composition of the General Assembly?

2) How many votes is each nation entitled to?

3) Who are special sessions convoked by?

4) At whose request are special sessions convoked?

5) What matters may be brought before the General Assembly?

6) What was the decision of the General Assembly in November of 1950?

7) In what cases may the General Assembly be convened within 24 hours in an emergency special session?

5. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The main organ of the United Nations and the one in which all member states are represented is the General Assembly.

2. The General Assembly meets in regular annual sessions from September to December.

3. Special (emergency) sessions can be convened at the request of the Security Council or a majority of members of the United Nations on subjects of particular concern.

4. The Assembly has the right to discuss and make recommendations on all the matters within the scope of the UN Charter.

5. The UN General Assembly can make recommendations to member states and to other UN organs with the aim of promoting international cooperation in the political, economic and social fields.

6. In case the Security Council fails to exercise its primary responsibility for maintenance of peace and security the General Assembly may recommend collective measures.

7. The General Assembly may recommend the use of armed forces in the case of a breach of peace or act of aggression.

8. All UN member states are represented in the General Assembly – a kind of parliament of nations which meets to consider the world`s most pressing problems.

6. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Каждая страна может послать на заседание сессии Генеральной Ассамблеи не более пяти представителей.

2. Чрезвычайные сессии ООН могут быть созваны Генеральным секретарем ООН по просьбе Совета Безопасности или по решению большинства членов Генеральной Ассамблеи.

3. Любой вопрос может быть вынесен (включен) на повестку дня сессии Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН.

4. В том случае, если Совет Безопасности ООН не может выполнить свою прямую обязанность по поддержанию мира и безопасности в том или ином регионе, Генеральная Ассамблея ООН может рассмотреть этот вопрос на внеочередной сессии и рекомендовать коллективные меры.

5. Внеочередные или чрезвычайные сессии ООН могут быть созваны в течение 24 часов от начала конфликта.