Part 4. Key to analytical reading

4.1. Unit One

TASK 2. In the text of the lesson find synonyms to the words and expressions given below.

1. Lazy – idle

2. bright, vibrant – vivid

3. fabulous – fairy-like

4. a corner – a nook

5. to cover –to smother

6. to explode – to burst forth

7. delicate – dainty

8. grand and impressive beauty – splendour

9. to stay – to put up

10. true – veritable

11. strange and old-fashioned – quaint

12. uncomfortable – awkward

13. to wander –to roam

14. a large and very good ( meal) – slap-up

15. interesting, attractive – fascinating

16. a difficult and important task – an undertaking

17. not very seriously – skittishly

18. cheerfulness – lightheartedness

19. to need – to require

20. a lump – a bump/ a wart

21. a hole – a hollow

22. little by little/bit by bit – steadily

23. a dirty or untidy state – mess

24. to examine carefully – to overhaul

25. to show; to demonstrate – to evince

26. donation – contribution

27. to help – to assist

28. to take no risks – to be on the safe side

29. to hinder – to hamper

30. spicy – piquant

TASK 3. In the text of the lesson find the words that match the definitions below.

1. a mixture of sand and water used in building for holding bricks and stones together – mortar

2. a pub, usually in the country, and often one where people can stay the night – inn

3. an open space that is partly or completely surrounded by buildings and is usually part of a castle or a large house – courtyard

4. a type of beer – ale

5. to talk about other people’s private lives, often in an unkind way –to gossip

6. matters concerning relationships – politics

7. something done with small pieces of glass shaped like diamonds in a framework of metal strips – latticed windows

8. something having a curving and twisting shape – winding

9. to continue with a journey or some other activity – to push on

10. something that is left after the other parts have been used – remains/remnants

11. small items that are not valuable or are not parts of a large set – odds and ends

12. to refuse to work as a protest – to strike

13. a large basket with a lid especially one used to carry food in – a hamper

14. to walk in a slow relaxed way – to stroll

15. the particular feeling or impression that is given by someone – air

16. to support or defend somebody or something – to stand up for smth

17. a similar action or event that happened earlier – a precedent

18. the top part of the inside of the mouth – palate

19. something that is used too often and therefore boring – hackneyed

20. food containing a lot of fat – rich

TASK 4. Sort out the words below into the corresponding column according to their stress.

First Syllable	Second Syllable	Two Stressed
veritable courtyard politics awkward winding overhaul afterwards water-rat salmon evidently precedent palate hackneyed nourishing piquant	beneath extraordinary economy absurd advantage ingredient towards evince proceeding sarcastic experiment nutritious	misunderstanding opportunity lightheartedness reappear contribution fascinating undertaking

TASK 5. Match the words given below with the antonyms from the text.

Part 1

1-g, 2-j, 3-k, 4-h, 5-b, 6-c, 7-i, 8-a, 9-e, 10-f, 11-d.

Part 2

1- i, 2-j, 3-k, 4-h, 5-b,6-c,7-a,8-l,9-f,10-d,11-g

TASK 6. Match the halves of the word combinations from the text:

Part 1

1-d, 2-h, 3-f, 4-a, 5-b, 6-c, 7-e, 8-j, 9-g, 10-i, 11-k.

Part 2

1-e,2-d,3-I,4-a,5-l,6-k,7-h,8-f,9-j,10-c,11-b,12-g

TASK 7. Study Vocabulary Notes paying special attention to the use of prepositions. Then spot and correct the mistakes in prepositions in the sentences below.

1. What these two ladies enjoy most of all is to get together in the evening and gossip over all their neighbours’ affairs.

2. Joshua has always been a hypocrite and known how to wind his way into his superiors’ affection.

3. Scarlet O’Hara had a much stronger character than her relatives and she could easily wind most of them around her little finger.

4. Yesterday I stayed in the sun for too long and today my burnt skin is peeling off my nose.

5. Nobody expected Margaret to pass her final exams so well. |She didn’t do well during the term and we thought she would just scrape up through the exams as usual.

6. What does Patrick do for living? – He contributes articles to sports newspapers and magazines.

7. Who could have thought that the new secretary would make a mess of this important piece of work?

8. My brother is having the usual teenager’s problems now, so he takes everything I tell him in the wrong spirit.

9. What cakes shall I buy? – Choose to your taste.

10. What an awful dress Pamela is wearing today! – Why are you so surprised? She has always dressed in bad taste.

11. When Audra first visited Paris, she wandered about the city for hours admiring its splendour.

12. Where are you going to stay in London? – I think I will put up at some small inexpensive hotel.

13. What would you recommend me to do? – To begin with, to be on the safe side, see a lawyer and discuss the matter with him.

TASK 8. Fill in the gaps with one of the active words and expressions.

1-crack, 2-mess, 3-steady, 4-scrape, 5-gossip, 6-mess, spirit, 7-crack, 8-peel off, 9-contributions, 10-spirits, 11-sarcastic, 12-steady, 13-scrape, 14-spirit, 15-mess.

TASK 9. Choose the correct alternative for each of the following questions

1-b, 2-a, 3-b, 4-b, 5-a, 6-a, 7-c, 8-b, 9-c, 10-b, 11-a.

TASK 10. Translate into English using the active vocabulary.

1. old country inn; to be smothered in flowers; to be more like … than…. 2. to gossip over smth. 3. for 4 hours or so; 4. almost skittishly; to peel; odds and ends of the dinner; lightheartedness; to strike. 5. to evince great interest, old hackneyed things.6. with fresh and piquant flavour, with the taste like nothing else on earth 7. I would never have thought; ingredients, a little too rich; with a weak stomach; nutritious. 8. a lot of room; why not put…;9. to be on the safe side; the rest of the holiday; to taste the joys of privacy. 10. That won’t do! ; to waste one’s time;11. a dish with a flavour like nothing else on earth;12. there was no money left; 13. the more… the more..14. to crack jokes; to be in high spirits; 15. to scrape a living; there is no point in…16. I would never have thought; to peel potatoes, an undertaking.