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UNIT 13

OFFICIAL LETTERS

VOCABULARY:

official letters

[*'fI,#l]

официальные письма

bunker

['b+)k#]

бункер

fresh water

[fre,]

пресная вода

technical supplies

[s#'plai]

техническое снабжение

provision

[pr#'vi(#n]

провизия

conversation

[,k*nv#'sei,#n]

разговор

order

['*:d#]

заказывать

avoid

[#'v*id]

избегать

misunderstanding

[,mis+nd#'sf!nd]

недоразумение

price

[prais]

цена

pay attention to ...

[#'ten,#n]

обращать внимание на

exact

[ig'z!kt]

точный

dimention

[dai'men,#n]

размер

expenses

[ik'spens]

расходы

arrangement

[#'reind(m#nt]

договор, соглашение

exchange

[iks't,eind(]

обмен

safe handling

[seIf]

безопасная обработка

detain

[di'tein]

задерживать

in case

[keis]

в случае

victuals

['vitl]

провизия

spare parts

[,spe#pa:t]

запасные части

winch

[wint,]

лебедка

crane

[krein]

кран

I. Read the text.

ТEXT.

Ships may need bunker, fresh water, technical supplies and provisions when in foreign port. In a conversation with the agent all the details of buying these things can be cleared and agreed upon. But when ordering these goods official letters should be written to avoid any misunderstanding in future. In such letters the following details should be stated: correct description of the goods, exact quantity of them, the time when the goods should be delivered to the ship. Very often reference is made as to the price at which the captain wants to buy the goods. In ordering technical supplies due attention should be paid to exact characteristic and dimensions of the things you want to buy. For example, when ordering even such ordinary things as

brushes you should state whether you require round or flat brushes of 2" or 4" in size.

Official letters should also be sent when you want some person or organization to do something for your ship. This may be the case, for instance, when you want your agent to pay some expenses or to do some work for your ship.

Extra-weights, as a rule, are loaded and discharged by shore or floating cranes. Due arrangements should be made in this case with shippers or receivers of the cargo. Formal exchange of letters in this case is important not only because the work is connected with expenses and safe handling of the cargo. It is also important because it is connected with effective use of laytime.

If freight is not paid in time the ship has to detain some cargo, or, as it is juridically called, "to exercise a lien upon the goods". The Master's actions in such a case should be accompanied by exchange of official letters.

II.Answer the following questions on the text above:

1.What may ships need in foreign ports?

2.In what way can the details of buying supplies be cleared and agreed upon.

3.Why should official letters be written when ordering supplies?

4.Who is entitled to sign such letters?

5.What particulars should be stated in these letters?

6.To what particulars should attention be paid when ordering technical supplies?

7.What should you state when ordering ordinary brushes?

8.In what other cases should you send official letters?

9.Should you write a letter or you can simply tell your agent to pay expenses for your account?

10.By what means are extra-weights usually loaded and discharged?

11.Why is the exchange of official letters important in this case?

12.What else is that exchange of letters connected with?

13.What does the captain have to do if the freight is not paid?

14.By what should his actions be accompanied in such a case?

III. Ask questions using the model.

MODEL: The captain had to stop loading.

Why did he have to stop loading?

1.That ship had to anchor in a small bay.

2.They had to re-pack the goods twice.

3.The consignees had to pay freight.

4.We had to continue discharging under demurrage.

5.They had to send that letter again.

IV. Answer the following questions using the model.

MODEL: Did they have to buy provisions in that port?

Yes, they had to. They had no other way out.

1.Did the captain have to agree to that price?

2.Did you have to stay there for a week's time?

3.Did he have to deliver spare parts earlier?

4.Did you have to order victuals, in that port?

5.Did the shippers have to use shore crane?

V. Ask questions using the model.

MODEL: Lay days were to expire on Monday last.

When were the lay days to expire?

1.The shipchandler was to deliver vegetables at 5.00 p. m.

2.The agent was to instruct shipchandlers on Tuesday.

3.He was to arrange discharging extraweights yesterday.

4.The consignees were to receive the cargo at noon.

5.These goods were to be shipped two days ago.

VI. Additional text.

Sometimes ships have to buy technical supplies and provisions in foreign ports. They are to arrange this business through ship agents. After preliminary conversation with the agent they have to write official letters. To order provisions they are to state what kind of victuals and what quantity they require. As ships stay in foreign ports only for a short time the master should also state the date when these provisions should be delivered aboard. When ordering technical supplies exact characteristic of the goods should be stated. Official letters should also be sent when the master wants his agent to do something for his ship.

VII. Say it in English:

Судам часто приходится покупать провизию и техснабжение в иностранных портах. Для заказа этих вещей старшему помощнику и старшему механику приходится писать официальные письма. В разговоре с агентом они могут договориться о покупке необходимых для судна вещей. Однако, чтобы избежать каких-либо недоразумений, после разговора агенту следует направить формальное письмо. Если заказывается