- •Unit 1 computer users
- •Using Computers
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 1
- •Text 1a. Computer users
- •Table a Table b
- •The digital age
- •Text 1b. Computers make the world smaller and smarter
- •Grammar review present forms
- •Verbs usually not used in any of the progressive tenses
- •Grammar Exercises
- •The Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous
- •Writing
- •Unit 2 computer architecture
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 2
- •Text 2a. Computer architecture
- •Text 2b. Cache memory
- •How a disk cache works
- •Grammar review. Past forms
- •The present perfect and past simple
- •The present perfect continuous and present perfect
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Speaking/writing
- •Unit 3 peripherals
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 3
- •Advantage
- •Text a. Peripherals
- •Post-reading activity
- •Specialist reading
- •Text b. Types of Printers
- •Grammar review future forms
- •It is interesting to know:
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Exercise 10. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Perfect or the Futures Simple.
- •Exercise 11. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Continuous or the Future Perfect.
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 4
- •Appliance
- •Relevance
- •Text 4a. Personal computers
- •Specialist reading
- •Text 4b.Data mining
- •Grammar review. The passive voice
- •Table of passive voice
- •Active and passive voice (compare) Active Voice
- •Passive Voice
- •Grammar Exercises
- •The Prepositions
- •Grammar Exercises prepositions
- •Prepositions of location:
- •In used to show location or destination in an area:
- •Intended goal/target
- •In is used for
- •Other common prepositions with multiple meaning
- •Writing/speaking Think about advantages and disadvantages of using a desktop computer, a laptop and a palm computer. Compare them.
- •Unit 5 operating system
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 5
- •Environment
- •Search engine
- •Text 5a. Operating systems
- •Operating Systems: Hidden Software
- •General Features of Operating Systems
- •Vms: help, directory, search, copy, rename, print, show users, show time, create/directory, phone, delete Unix: write, cp, lpr, Is, mkdir, date, rm, man, grep, rwho, mv
- •Text 5b. Linux
- •Grammar review reported speech The sequence of tenses in the subordinate clauses:
- •The sequence of tenses is:
- •Modal verbs changes
- •Indirect speech for exclamatory and imperative sentences.
- •Indirect speech of imperative sentence
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Speaking/writing
- •Unit 6 graphical user interface
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 6
- •To perform
- •Text 6a. The graphical user interface
- •Post-reading Exercises
- •Text b. Interface with menus
- •Grammar review nouns
- •Plural of countable nouns
- •Irregular plurals
- •Plural forms
- •The possessive case
- •Nouns determiners
- •Grammar exercises Nouns
- •Some, any, much, many, a lot, few, a few, little, a little
- •Articles Revision of the Use of the Articles (in tables) Classification of Nouns
- •Functions of the Indefinite Article
- •Don’t confuse the articles in the generic function
- •The use of articles with names of people
- •The use of articles with other proper names
- •Numerals
- •Fractional numerals Common Fractions
- •Decimal Fractions
- •Extra information
- •Exercises
- •Writing
- •Unit 7 applications programs
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 7
- •Spreadsheet
- •Word processor Text 7a. Applications programs
- •Post-reading Activity
- •Text 7b. Application service providers
- •Listening and speaking
- •Vocabulary Bank. Interview. Former student
- •Environment
- •To upload
- •Exercises
- •Grammar review
- •First conditional
- •Second conditional
- •If I were you…
- •Oral Activity
- •Third conditional
- •Making a wish
- •Grammar revision
- •Writing
- •Unit 8 multimedia
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 8
- •Animation
- •Text 8a. Multimedia
- •Post-reading activity
- •Text 8b. New applications of the computer
- •Videodisc
- •Digital Video
- •Multimedia Authoring Systems
- •Virtual Reality
- •Grammar review. Adjectives. Adverbs. Pronouns.
- •The Adverb
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Pronouns
- •Writing
- •Unit 9 data processing
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 9
- •Equipment
- •Text a. Data processing and data processing systems
- •Basic data processing operations
- •Data storage hierarchy
- •Text 9b. Word processing facilities start up
- •Advantages of computer data processing
- •Grammar review The Modal Verbs (mv) can/could
- •May/might
- •To have (got) to
- •Should/ought to
- •Will/would
- •Grammar exercises
- •In brackets.
- •May/might/be allowed to
- •Must/have to/need
- •Mustn’t - needn’t - don’t have to
- •Should/ought to
- •Revision exercises
- •Unit 10
- •Internet and lan technology
- •Text 10a. The internet
- •Text 10 b. The language of e-mail
- •Grammar review the verbals The forms of the Verbals or the non-finite forms of the verb
- •The Infinitive
- •Infinitive without to
- •Complex object
- •See someone do and see someone doing
- •Personal/impresonal construction (the complex subject)
- •The gerund
- •Have something done
- •Writing/speaking task
- •Unit 11 networks
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 11
- •Text 11 a. Computer networks
- •Text 11 b. Network Communications
- •Grammar review questions
- •1. General questions
- •2. Special questions
- •3. Alternative questions
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Yes/No Questions (General Questions)
- •Exercise 3. Quiz champion Claude Jennings is answering questions. Put in these words and phrases: How Far, How Long, How Often, How Many, What, What Colour, What Kind, When, Where, Who
- •Subject/Object Questions
- •Prepositions in Wh-questions
- •Exercise 5. Put in the question. Use What? and put the preposition in brackets at the end.
- •Negative Questions
- •Exercise 9. Complete the conversations using the words in brackets.
- •Question Tags (Disjunctive Questions)
- •Exercise 12. Complete the conversation. Put in tags.
- •Earthquakes
- •Grammar revision
- •Writing
- •Unit 12 the world wide web
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 12
- •Text 12 a. The world wide web
- •Viruses are something to worry about, but not a lot. A little common sense and the occasional virus-scan will keep you virus-free.
- •Speaking
- •Censorship on the Web
- •What do you think?
- •Grammar revision
- •Writing Projects. Perform the project given
- •Unit 13 programming languages
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 13
- •Text 13a. Types of programming languages
- •Machine Languages
- •Assembly Languages
- •Procedural Languages
- •Natural languages
- •Verb Prefix Meaning Example
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 14
- •Most Common Suffixes
- •Why Learn Suffixes?
- •Interviewer / trainer / employer / interviewee / trainee / employee
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 15
- •Introductory reading
- •In the following list, the two-word forms (shown first) are still more common, but the one-word forms are starting to take hold.
- •In the following list, the one-word forms (shown first) are more common, but the spaced or hyphenated forms are still being used.
- •In the following list, the hyphenated forms (shown first) are more common, but the solid or spaced forms (if given) are used in materials aimed at industry insiders.
- •Variables and the Declaration Statement
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 16
- •Isc2 cissp
- •Unit 17 web design
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 17
- •1. Bad Search
- •2. Pdf Files for Online Reading
- •3. Not Changing the Color of Visited Links
- •5. Fixed Font Size
- •6. Page Titles With Low Search Engine Visibility
- •7. Anything That Looks Like an Advertisement
- •8. Violating Design Conventions
- •9. Opening New Browser Windows
- •10. Not Answering Users' Questions
- •11. Discourse markers: softening and correcting
- •Interview: Website Designer
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 18
- •Store / hold / input / control / convert / process / provide (x2)/ speed up
- •5. Cache … (5) … extremely fast access for sections of a program and its data.
- •Imagine that you are to make a report on the following topics. While preparing it use the main information from the text.
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 19
- •Virus protection
- •Internet crime
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 20
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 21
- •Information systems analysis and design
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 22
- •If X, then y
- •Virtual reality
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 23
- •Appropriate
- •Vocabulary Bank Unit 24
Multimedia Authoring Systems
In order to manage the presentation of information that is stored in dissimilar formats, new multimedia-based authoring systems are being developed. These programs vary considerably in design, but all are capable of incorporating text, graphics, sound, and video into one program. These programs provide special tools to manage these resources and to deliver them to the user interactively.
Virtual Reality
With the emergence of ever more realistic computer graphics, many people have found the computer's monitor to be a limited output device for displaying them. Many found the two-dimensional view of modern, complex colour graphics did not fully convey the potential held by this new form of computerized information. This led to the investigation of ways to present and to interact with more realistic, three-dimensional displays. The result was the development of highly realistic displays that provide users with the feeling that they are fully immersed in the computer image. Collectively, these applications have become known by the title of "virtual reality."
Grammar review. Adjectives. Adverbs. Pronouns.
Adjective denotes a quality or a feature of an object. |
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Formation |
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suffixes |
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-able fashionable -al magical -ant important -ar spectacular -ary disciplinary -ate delicate -ial national
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-ent patient -esque picturesque -ful faithful -ian Iranian -ible terrible -ic melodic |
-ical physical -ious rebellious -ish stylish -ist racist -ive selective -less faultless |
-like woman-like -ly deathly -ory sensory -ous humorous -some bothersome -y sandy |
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prefixes |
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a asexual ab abnormal anti antisocial dis disinterested hyper hyperactive il illegible |
im immoral in inactive ir irresponsible mal maladjusted non non-existent over overweight |
pre prearranged pro pro-war sub sub-zero super superhuman un unavailable under understaffed |
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Compound adjectives are formed with: - present participles: a long-playing record - past participles: undercooked meat, cut-off jeans - cardinal numbers + nouns (in singular): a ten-minute journey - well, badly, ill, poorly + past participle: a poorly-kept garden, a well-timed joke. |
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Order of adjectives |
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Opinion adjectives |
Fact adjectives |
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size |
age |
shape |
colour |
origin |
material |
use for/be about |
noun |
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It’s a |
beautiful |
big |
old |
round |
brown |
Italian |
oak |
dining |
table. |
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Substantivized adjectives |
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There are some adjectives that we can use with the to talk about groups of people in society Words that we can use in a phrase with the
The young means 'young people in general' When we mean a specific person or a specific group of people, then we use man, woman, people, etc. |
the disabled, the blind
the disadvantaged, the homeless, the hungry, the poor, the privileged, the rich, the starving the blind, the deaf, the dead, the disabled, the handicapped the elderly, the middle-aged, the old, the over-sixties, the under-fives The young have their lives in front of them. None of the young people in the village can find jobs here. |
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Direct meaning |
Figurative meaning |
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A silk scarf, a stone cottage, a gold pen, a feather duster, a metal chair, a leather wallet, lead pipes, a steel framework. |
silky hair, a stony expression, golden hair, feathery leaves, a metallic colour, a leathery skin, a leaden feeling, a steely look. |
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Degrees of comparison |
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Most adjectives have three degrees of comparison: |
Irregular comparisons |
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Positive |
Comparative |
Superlative |
bad worse worst far farther farthest further furthest good better best little less least many/much more most old elder eldest older oldest |
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dark |
darker |
darkest |
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one-syllable adj: positive form + er & est |
bright brighter brightest
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adj of three or more syllables :more & most+ the positive: |
interested more interested most interested |
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adj of 2 syllables follow one or other of the above rules |
doubtful more doubtful most doubtful, clever cleverer cleverest |
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farther/farthest & further/furthest both can be used of distances York is farther/further than Selby. Further can be used with abstract nouns to mean ‘additional/extra’ Further discussion/debate would be pointless. Similarly: further enquires/delays/demands/information/ instructions. |
elder, eldest imply seniority rather than age. They are used for comparison within a family: my elder brother But! Elder is not used with than, so we use older: He’s older than I am. We use eldest for people only, but oldest we use for both people & things. |
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Before the comparative we should use a bit, a little, slightly, much, a lot, far:
English is a
bit/ a little/ slightly/ much/ a lot/ far
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Constructions with comparisons |
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Positive form => ‘+’ as … as; ‘-‘ not as/not so … as. He was as white as a sheet. Your coffee is not as/so good as the coffee my mother makes. The new building is twice as high as the old one. – в 2 раза выше Comparative form => than. He’s stronger than I expected = I didn’t expect him to be so strong. Superlative form => the … in/of: This is the oldest theatre in London. Superlative form + present perfect: This is the worst film I have ever seen. Note! most+adjective without the means very: You’re most kind = You’re very kind. the + comparative… the + comparative: The smaller the house is, the less it will cost us to heat it. Comparatives joined by and: The weather is getting colder and colder. |
like + noun & as + noun: He worked like a slave. (very hard indeed) He worked as a slave. (He was a slave) than/as + pronoun+auxiliary I earn less than he does. (=less than he earns) than/as+I/we/you+verb = omit the verb. I’m not as old as you (are). than/as is followed by he/she/it + verb, we normally keep the verb: You’re stronger than he is. But we can drop the verb and use him/her/them: I swim better a him. Adjectives + one/ones One/ones = previously mentioned noun: I lost my old camera; this is a new one. first/second can be used with or without one/ones: Which train did you catch? ~ I caught the first (one). Adjectives of colour can sometimes be used as pronouns: I like the blue (one) best. |
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‘as …as…’ with ‘twice’, ‘three times’, etc., ‘half’, ‘a third’, etc.: Japan’s car exports are twice as high as Britain’s. Rice-growing is only half as important as it used to be. Note Present and Past Participles can be used as adjectives: Present Participles describe the quality of a noun /annoying behaviour/ (what kind of behaviour) Past Participles describe how the subject feels /annoyed teacher/ (How does the teacher feel)
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Proverbs & Sayings |
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As dumb as a wooden Indian As easy as ABC As silent as a grave As fit as a fiddle As white as a sheet As stubborn as a mule |
Дурний, як пробка Простіше простого Німий, як могила При повному здоров'ї Білий, як крейда Упертий, як осел |
As old as the hills Like bull in a China shop To sleep like a log To smoke like a chimney To sell like hot cakes
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Старе, як світ. Як слон у посудній лавці Спати, як убитий Диміти, як труба Бути нарозхват |
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The best is the enemy of the good. (Walter Scott) It’s much easier to be critical than to be correct. (Disraeli) |