- •1 Scope
- •1.1 General
- •2 Conformance
- •2.1 General
- •2.2 Process Modeling Conformance
- •2.2.1 BPMN Process Types
- •2.2.2 BPMN Process Elements
- •Descriptive Conformance Sub-Class
- •Analytic Conformance Sub-Class
- •Common Executable Conformance Sub-Class
- •2.2.3 Visual Appearance
- •2.2.4 Structural Conformance
- •2.2.5 Process Semantics
- •2.2.6 Attributes and Model Associations
- •2.2.7 Extended and Optional Elements
- •2.2.8 Visual Interchange
- •2.3 Process Execution Conformance
- •2.3.1 Execution Semantics
- •2.3.2 Import of Process Diagrams
- •2.4 BPEL Process Execution Conformance
- •2.5 Choreography Modeling Conformance
- •2.5.1 BPMN Choreography Types
- •2.5.2 BPMN Choreography Elements
- •2.5.3 Visual Appearance
- •2.5.4 Choreography Semantics
- •2.5.5 Visual Interchange
- •2.6 Summary of BPMN Conformance Types
- •3 Normative References
- •3.1 General
- •3.2 Normative
- •3.3 Non-Normative
- •Activity Service
- •BPEL4People
- •Business Process Definition Metamodel
- •Business Process Modeling
- •Business Transaction Protocol
- •Dublin Core Meta Data
- •ebXML BPSS
- •Open Nested Transactions
- •SOAP 1.2
- •UDDI
- •WfMC Glossary
- •Web Services Transaction
- •Workflow Patterns
- •WSBPEL
- •WS-Coordination
- •WSDL
- •WS-HumanTask
- •XML 1.0 (Second Edition)
- •XML-Namespaces
- •XML-Schema
- •XPath
- •XPDL
- •4 Terms and Definitions
- •5 Symbols
- •6 Additional Information
- •6.1 Conventions
- •6.1.1 Typographical and Linguistic Conventions and Style
- •6.1.2 Abbreviations
- •6.2 Structure of this Document
- •6.3 Acknowledgments
- •Submitting Organizations
- •Supporting Organizations
- •Special Acknowledgments
- •7 Overview
- •7.1 General
- •7.2 BPMN Scope
- •7.2.1 Uses of BPMN
- •Private (Internal) Business Processes
- •Public Processes
- •Collaborations
- •Choreographies
- •Conversations
- •Diagram Point of View
- •Understanding the Behavior of Diagrams
- •7.3 BPMN Elements
- •7.3.1 Basic BPMN Modeling Elements
- •7.3.2 Extended BPMN Modeling Elements
- •7.4 BPMN Diagram Types
- •7.5 Use of Text, Color, Size, and Lines in a Diagram
- •7.6 Flow Object Connection Rules
- •7.6.1 Sequence Flow Connections Rules
- •7.6.2 Message Flow Connection Rules
- •7.7 BPMN Extensibility
- •7.8 BPMN Example
- •8 BPMN Core Structure
- •8.1 General
- •8.2 Infrastructure
- •8.2.1 Definitions
- •8.2.2 Import
- •8.2.3 Infrastructure Package XML Schemas
- •8.3 Foundation
- •8.3.1 Base Element
- •8.3.2 Documentation
- •8.3.3 Extensibility
- •Extension
- •ExtensionDefinition
- •ExtensionAttributeDefinition
- •ExtensionAttributeValue
- •Extensibility XML Schemas
- •XML Example
- •8.3.4 External Relationships
- •8.3.5 Root Element
- •8.3.6 Foundation Package XML Schemas
- •8.4 Common Elements
- •8.4.1 Artifacts
- •Common Artifact Definitions
- •Artifact Sequence Flow Connections
- •Artifact Message Flow Connections
- •Association
- •Group
- •Category
- •Text Annotation
- •XML Schema for Artifacts
- •8.4.2 Correlation
- •CorrelationKey
- •Key-based Correlation
- •Context-based Correlation
- •XML Schema for Correlation
- •8.4.3 Error
- •8.4.4 Escalation
- •8.4.5 Events
- •8.4.6 Expressions
- •Expression
- •Formal Expression
- •8.4.7 Flow Element
- •8.4.8 Flow Elements Container
- •8.4.9 Gateways
- •8.4.10 Item Definition
- •8.4.11 Message
- •8.4.12 Resources
- •8.4.13 Sequence Flow
- •Flow Node
- •8.4.14 Common Package XML Schemas
- •8.5 Services
- •8.5.1 Interface
- •8.5.2 EndPoint
- •8.5.3 Operation
- •8.5.4 Service Package XML Schemas
- •9 Collaboration
- •9.1 General
- •9.2 Basic Collaboration Concepts
- •9.2.1 Use of BPMN Common Elements
- •9.3 Pool and Participant
- •9.3.1 Participants
- •PartnerEntity
- •PartnerRole
- •Participant Multiplicity
- •ParticipantAssociation
- •9.3.2 Lanes
- •9.4 Message Flow
- •9.4.1 Interaction Node
- •9.4.2 Message Flow Associations
- •9.5 Conversations
- •9.5.1 Conversation Node
- •9.5.2 Conversation
- •9.5.3 Sub-Conversation
- •9.5.4 Call Conversation
- •9.5.5 Global Conversation
- •9.5.6 Conversation Link
- •9.5.7 Conversation Association
- •9.5.8 Correlations
- •9.6 Process within Collaboration
- •9.7 Choreography within Collaboration
- •9.8 Collaboration Package XML Schemas
- •10 Process
- •10.1 General
- •10.2 Basic Process Concepts
- •10.2.1 Types of BPMN Processes
- •10.2.2 Use of BPMN Common Elements
- •10.3 Activities
- •Sequence Flow Connections
- •Message Flow Connections
- •10.3.1 Resource Assignment
- •Resource Role
- •Expression Assignment
- •Parameterized Resource Assignment
- •10.3.2 Performer
- •10.3.3 Tasks
- •Service Task
- •Send Task
- •Receive Task
- •User Task
- •Manual Task
- •Business Rule
- •Script Task
- •10.3.4 Human Interactions
- •Notation
- •Manual Task
- •User Task
- •Rendering of User Tasks
- •Human Performers
- •Potential Owners
- •XML Schema for Human Interactions
- •Examples
- •10.3.5 Sub-Processes
- •Embedded Sub-Process (Sub-Process)
- •Reusable Sub-Process (Call Activity)
- •Event Sub-Process
- •Transaction
- •Ad-Hoc Sub-Process
- •10.3.6 Call Activity
- •Callable Element
- •10.3.7 Global Task
- •Types of Global Task
- •10.3.8 Loop Characteristics
- •Standard Loop Characteristics
- •Multi-Instance Characteristics
- •Complex Behavior Definition
- •10.3.9 XML Schema for Activities
- •10.4 Items and Data
- •10.4.1 Data Modeling
- •Item-Aware Elements
- •Data Objects
- •DataObject
- •States
- •Data Objects representing a Collection of Data
- •Visual representations of Data Objects
- •Lifecycle and Accessibility
- •Data Stores
- •Properties
- •Lifecycle and Accessibility
- •Data Inputs and Outputs
- •Data Input
- •States
- •Data Output
- •States
- •Service Task Mapping
- •Send Task Mapping
- •Receive Task Mapping
- •User Task Mapping
- •Call Activity Mapping
- •Script Task Mapping
- •Events
- •InputSet
- •OutputSet
- •Data Associations
- •DataAssociation
- •Assignment
- •DataInputAssociation
- •DataOutputAssociation
- •Data Objects associated with a Sequence Flow
- •10.4.2 Execution Semantics for Data
- •Execution Semantics for DataAssociation
- •10.4.3 Usage of Data in XPath Expressions
- •Access to BPMN Data Objects
- •Access to BPMN Data Input and Data Output
- •Access to BPMN Properties
- •For BPMN Instance Attributes
- •10.4.4 XML Schema for Data
- •10.5 Events
- •10.5.1 Concepts
- •Data Modeling and Events
- •Common Event attributes
- •Common Catch Event attributes
- •Common Throw Event Attributes
- •Implicit Throw Event
- •10.5.2 Start Event
- •Start Event Triggers
- •Start Events for Top-level Processes
- •Start Events for Sub-Processes
- •Start Events for Event Sub-Processes
- •Attributes for Start Events
- •Sequence Flow Connections
- •Message Flow Connections
- •10.5.3 End Event
- •End Event Results
- •Sequence Flow Connections
- •Message Flow Connections
- •10.5.4 Intermediate Event
- •Intermediate Event Triggers
- •Intermediate Events in Normal Flow
- •Intermediate Events Attached to an Activity Boundary
- •Attributes for Boundary Events
- •Activity Boundary Connections
- •Sequence Flow Connections
- •Message Flow Connections
- •10.5.5 Event Definitions
- •Event Definition Metamodel
- •Cancel Event
- •Compensation Event
- •Conditional Event
- •Error Event
- •Escalation Event Definition
- •Link Event Definition
- •Message Event Definition
- •Multiple Event
- •None Event
- •Parallel Multiple Event
- •Signal Event
- •Terminate Event
- •Timer Event
- •10.5.6 Handling Events
- •Handling Start Events
- •Handling Events within normal Sequence Flow (Intermediate Events)
- •Handling Events attached to an Activity (Intermediate boundary Events and Event Sub-Processes)
- •Interrupting Event Handlers (Error, Escalation, Message, Signal, Timer, Conditional, Multiple, and Parallel Multiple)
- •Non-interrupting Event Handlers (Escalation, Message, Signal, Timer, Conditional, Multiple, and Parallel Multiple)
- •Handling End Events
- •10.5.7 Scopes
- •10.5.8 Events Package XML Schemas
- •10.6 Gateways
- •10.6.1 Sequence Flow Considerations
- •10.6.2 Exclusive Gateway
- •10.6.3 Inclusive Gateway
- •10.6.4 Parallel Gateway
- •10.6.5 Complex Gateway
- •10.6.6 Event-Based Gateway
- •10.6.7 Gateway Package XML Schemas
- •10.7 Compensation
- •10.7.1 Compensation Handler
- •10.7.2 Compensation Triggering
- •10.7.3 Relationship between Error Handling and Compensation
- •10.8 Lanes
- •10.9 Process Instances, Unmodeled Activities, and Public Processes
- •10.10 Auditing
- •10.11 Monitoring
- •10.12 Process Package XML Schemas
- •11 Choreography
- •11.1 General
- •11.2 Basic Choreography Concepts
- •11.3 Data
- •11.4 Use of BPMN Common Elements
- •11.4.1 Sequence Flow
- •11.4.2 Artifacts
- •11.5 Choreography Activities
- •11.5.1 Choreography Task
- •11.5.2 Sub-Choreography
- •The Parent Sub-Choreography (Expanded)
- •11.5.3 Call Choreography
- •11.5.4 Global Choreography Task
- •11.5.5 Looping Activities
- •11.5.6 The Sequencing of Activities
- •11.6 Events
- •11.6.1 Start Events
- •11.6.2 Intermediate Events
- •11.6.3 End Events
- •11.7 Gateways
- •11.7.1 Exclusive Gateway
- •11.7.2 Event-Based Gateway
- •11.7.3 Inclusive Gateway
- •11.7.4 Parallel Gateway
- •11.7.5 Complex Gateway
- •11.7.6 Chaining Gateways
- •11.8 Choreography within Collaboration
- •11.8.1 Participants
- •11.8.2 Swimlanes
- •Choreography Task in Combined View
- •Sub-Choreography in Combined View
- •11.9 XML Schema for Choreography
- •12 BPMN Notation and Diagrams
- •12.1 BPMN Diagram Interchange (BPMN DI)
- •12.1.1 Scope
- •12.1.2 Diagram Definition and Interchange
- •12.1.3 How to Read this Clause
- •12.2 BPMN Diagram Interchange (DI) Meta-model
- •12.2.1 Overview
- •12.2.2 Abstract Syntax
- •12.2.3 Classifier Descriptions
- •12.2.4 Complete BPMN DI XML Schema
- •12.3 Notational Depiction Library and Abstract Element Resolutions
- •12.3.1 Labels
- •12.3.2 BPMNShape
- •Markers for Activities
- •Tasks [BPMNShape]
- •Collapsed Sub-Processes [BPMNShape]
- •Expanded Sub-Processes [BPMNShape]
- •Collapsed Ad Hoc Sub-Processes [BPMNShape]
- •Expanded Ad Hoc Sub-Processes [BPMNShape]
- •Collapsed Transactions [BPMNShape]
- •Expanded Transactions [BPMNShape]
- •Collapsed Event Sub-Processes [BPMNShape]
- •Expanded Event Sub-Processes [BPMNShape]
- •Call Activities (Calling a Global Task) [BPMNShape]
- •Collapsed Call Activities (Calling a Process) [BPMNShape]
- •Expanded Call Activities (Calling a Process) [BPMNShape]
- •Data [BPMNShape]
- •Events [BPMNShape]
- •Gateways [BPMNShape]
- •Artifacts [BPMNShape]
- •Lanes [BPMNShape]
- •Pools [BPMNShape]
- •Choreography Tasks [BPMNShape]
- •Collapsed Sub-Choreographies [BPMNShape]
- •Expanded Sub-Choreographies [BPMNShape]
- •Call Choreographies (Calling a Global Choreography Task) [BPMNShape]
- •Collapsed Call Choreographies (Calling a Choreography) [BPMNShape]
- •Expanded Call Choreographies (Calling a Choreography) [BPMNShape]
- •Choreography Participant Bands [BPMNShape]
- •Conversations [BPMNShape]
- •12.3.3 BPMNEdge
- •Connecting Objects [BPMNEdge]
- •12.4 Example(s)
- •12.4.1 Depicting Content in a Sub-Process
- •Expanded Sub-Process
- •Expanded Sub-Process with Start and End Events on Border
- •Collapsed Sub-Process
- •12.4.2 Multiple Lanes and Nested Lanes
- •12.4.3 Vertical Collaboration
- •12.4.4 Conversation
- •12.4.5 Choreography
- •13 BPMN Execution Semantics
- •13.1 General
- •13.2 Process Instantiation and Termination
- •13.3 Activities
- •13.3.1 Sequence Flow Considerations
- •13.3.2 Activity
- •13.3.3 Task
- •13.3.4 Sub-Process/Call Activity
- •13.3.5 Ad-Hoc Sub-Process
- •Operational semantics
- •13.3.6 Loop Activity
- •13.3.7 Multiple Instances Activity
- •13.4 Gateways
- •13.4.1 Parallel Gateway (Fork and Join)
- •13.4.2 Exclusive Gateway (Exclusive Decision (data-based) and Exclusive Merge)
- •13.4.3 Inclusive Gateway (Inclusive Decision and Inclusive Merge)
- •13.4.4 Event-based Gateway (Exclusive Decision (event-based))
- •13.4.5 Complex Gateway (related to Complex Condition and Complex Merge)
- •13.5 Events
- •13.5.1 Start Events
- •13.5.2 Intermediate Events
- •13.5.3 Intermediate Boundary Events
- •13.5.4 Event Sub-Processes
- •Operational semantics
- •13.5.5 Compensation
- •Compensation Handler
- •Compensation Triggering
- •Relationship between Error Handling and Compensation
- •Operational Semantics
- •13.5.6 End Events
- •Process level end events
- •Sub-process level end events
- •14 Mapping BPMN Models to WS-BPEL
- •14.1 General
- •14.2 Basic BPMN-BPEL Mapping
- •14.2.1 Process
- •14.2.2 Activities
- •Common Activity Mappings
- •Task Mappings
- •Service Task
- •Receive Task
- •Send Task
- •Abstract Task
- •Service Package
- •Message
- •Interface and Operation
- •Conversations and Correlation
- •Sub-Process Mappings
- •Mapping of Event Sub-Processes
- •Activity Loop Mapping
- •Standard Loops
- •Dealing with LoopMaximum
- •Multi-Instance Activities
- •14.2.3 Events
- •Start Event Mappings
- •Message Start Events
- •Error Start Events
- •Compensation Start Events
- •Intermediate Event Mappings (Non-boundary)
- •Message Intermediate Events (Non-boundary)
- •Timer Intermediate Events (Non-boundary)
- •Compensation Intermediate Events (Non-boundary)
- •End Event Mappings
- •None End Events
- •Message End Events
- •Error End Events
- •Compensation End Events
- •Terminate End Events
- •Boundary Intermediate Events
- •Message Boundary Events
- •Error Boundary Events
- •Compensation Boundary Events
- •Multiple Boundary Events, and Boundary Events with Loops
- •14.2.4 Gateways and Sequence Flows
- •Exclusive (Data-based) Decision Pattern
- •Exclusive (Event-based) Decision Pattern
- •Inclusive Decision Pattern
- •Parallel Pattern
- •Sequence Pattern
- •Structured Loop Patterns
- •Handling Loops in Sequence Flows
- •14.2.5 Handling Data
- •Data Objects
- •Properties
- •Input and Output Sets
- •Data Associations
- •Expressions
- •Assignments
- •14.3 Extended BPMN-BPEL Mapping
- •14.3.1 End Events
- •14.3.2 Loop/Switch Combinations From a Gateway
- •14.3.3 Interleaved Loops
- •14.3.4 Infinite Loops
- •14.3.5 BPMN Elements that Span Multiple WSBPEL Sub-Elements
- •15 Exchange Formats
- •15.1 Interchanging Incomplete Models
- •15.2 Machine Readable Files
- •15.3.1 Document Structure
- •15.3.2 References within the BPMN XSD
- •15.5 XSLT Transformation between XSD and XMI
- •B.1 Scope
- •B.2 Architecture
- •B.3 Diagram Common
- •B.3.1 Overview
- •B.3.2 Abstract Syntax
- •B.3.3 Classifier Descriptions
- •B.4 Diagram Interchange
- •B.4.1 Overview
- •B.4.2 Abstract Syntax
- •B.4.3 Classifier Descriptions
Table 8.52 – FlowNode model associations
Attribute Name |
Description/Usage |
|
|
incoming: Sequence Flow [0..*] |
This attribute identifies the incoming Sequence Flow of the FlowNode. |
outgoing: Sequence Flow [0..*] |
This attribute identifies the outgoing Sequence Flow of the FlowNode. |
|
This is an ordered collection. |
|
|
8.4.14 Common Package XML Schemas
Table 8.53 – Error XML schema
<xsd:element name="error" type="tError" substitutionGroup="rootElement"/> <xsd:complexType name="tError">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tRootElement"> <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:attribute name="errorCode" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:attribute name="structureRef" type="xsd:QName"/>
</xsd:extension> </xsd:complexContent>
</xsd:complexType>
Table 8.54 – Escalation XML schema
<xsd:element name="escalation" type="tEscalation" substitutionGroup="rootElement"/> <xsd:complexType name="tEscalation">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tRootElement"> <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:attribute name="escalationCode" type="xsd:string"/> <xsd:attribute name="structureRef" type="xsd:QName"/>
</xsd:extension> </xsd:complexContent>
</xsd:complexType>
Table 8.55 – Expression XML schema
<xsd:element name="expression" type="tExpression"/> <xsd:complexType name="tExpression">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tBaseElementWithMixedContent"/> </xsd:complexContent>
</xsd:complexType>
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Table 8.56 – FlowElement XML schema
<xsd:element name="flowElement" type="tFlowElement"/> <xsd:complexType name="tFlowElement" abstract="true">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tBaseElement"> <xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element ref="auditing" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/> <xsd:element ref="monitoring" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
<xsd:element name="categoryValueRef" type="xsd:QName" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string"/> </xsd:extension>
</xsd:complexContent>
</xsd:complexType>
Table 8.57 – FlowNode XML schema
<xsd:element name="flowNode" type="tFlowNode"/> <xsd:complexType name="tFlowNode" abstract="true">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tFlowElement"> <xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="incoming" type="xsd:QName" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> <xsd:element name="outgoing" type="xsd:QName" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence> </xsd:extension>
</xsd:complexContent> </xsd:complexType>
Table 8.58– FormalExpression XML schema
<xsd:element name="formalExpression" type="tFormalExpression" substitutionGroup="expression"/> <xsd:complexType name="tFormalExpression">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tExpression">
<xsd:attribute name="language" type="xsd:anyURI" use="optional"/> <xsd:attribute name="evaluatesToTypeRef" type="xsd:QName"/>
</xsd:extension> </xsd:complexContent>
</xsd:complexType>
Table 8.59 – InputOutputBinding XML schema
<xsd:element name="ioBinding" type="tinputOutputBinding"/> <xsd:complexType name="tinputOutputBinding">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tBaseElement">
<xsd:attribute name=”inputDataRef" type="xsd:IDREF"/>
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99 |
<xsd:attribute name=”outputDataRef" type="xsd:IDREF"/> <xsd:attribute name=”operationRef" type="xsd:QName"/>
</xsd:extension> </xsd:complexContent>
</xsd:complexType>
Table 8.60 – ItemDefinition XML schema
<xsd:element name="itemDefinition" type="tItemDefinition" substitutionGroup="rootElement"/> <xsd:complexType name="tItemDefinition">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tRootElement">
<xsd:attribute name="structureRef" type="xsd:QName"/> <xsd:attribute name="isCollection" type="xsd:boolean" default="false"/>
<xsd:attribute name="itemKind" type="tItemKind" default="Information"/> </xsd:extension>
</xsd:complexContent>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:simpleType name="tItemKind"> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
<xsd:enumeration value="Information"/> <xsd:enumeration value="Physical"/>
</xsd:restriction>
</xsd:simpleType>
Table 8.61 – Message XML schema
<xsd:element name="message" type="tMessage" substitutionGroup="rootElement"/> <xsd:complexType name="tMessage">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tRootElement"> <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:attribute name="itemRef" type="xsd:QName"/> </xsd:extension>
</xsd:complexContent> </xsd:complexType>
Table 8.62 – Resources XML schema
<xsd:element name="resource" type="tResource" substitutionGroup="rootElement"/> <xsd:complexType name="tResource">
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:extension base="tRootElement"> <xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element ref="resourceParameter" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> </xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required"/> </xsd:extension>
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