Variant V Exercise I

Read and translate the text into Russian.

Money.

Money is used for buying or selling goods, for measuring value and for storing wealth. Almost every society now has a money economy based on coins and paper notes of one kind or another. However, this has not always been true. In primitive societies a system of barter was used. Barter was a system of direct exchange of goods. Barter, however, was a very unsatisfactory system because people’s needs seldom coincided. People needed a more practical system of exchange. Cattle, grain, shells, salt and tobacco have all been used. Precious metal gradually took over because, when made into coins, they were portable, durable, recognizable and divisible into larger and smaller units of value.

Banking.

Like any business, a bank is after a profit above all. Money is the commodity it sells. To put it simply, a bank seeks to “buy” money cheaply at an annual six-percent interest and to sell it dearly at an annual interest rate of 11 percent. This is what the banks are busy doing.

Naturally, the banks put their money where it brings them the highest profit. By shifting money of various “costs” from sphere to sphere, from one geographic region to another, the banks activity stimulate progress in industry, construction and agriculture. Besides this the banks promote the growth of individual population centers or even whole regions. Banks are interested in keeping most of their money in circulation so that it should bring them profit.

Товар, который банк продает
Ежегодная 6-% ставка
Приносить прибыль
Способствовать росту
Говорить простым языком

Exercise III

Give Russian equivalents of:

Keep most money in circulation
Like any business
Store wealth
Direct exchange of goods
Needs seldom coincide

The Loch Ness (озеро) Wallet.

14 years ago Spanish tourist Gaspar Sanchez (was dropped, dropped – уронить) his wallet into the waters of Loch Ness in Scotland. His passport, his car keys, his business cars and his money (were lost, lost) in 150m of water. This week the phone (was rung, rang) in Sanchez’s Barcelona flat and a Scottish policeman told him “Sir, your wallet (has found, has been found)!” It (discovered, was discovered) last Sunday on the bad (дно) of the loch (озеро) by some scientists in a submarine looking for (искать) the Loch Ness monster! (чудовище)

Exercise V. Conditionals

a) Translate the given sentences. Mind the First Conditional.

1. If the researcher uses this new approach, he will be able to avoid many errors.

2. He will help you by all means, if he has some free time.

3. The plant will not pollute the environment, provided it is provided with all necessary

protection equipment.

Translate the given sentences. Mind the Second and the Third Conditionals.

1. If I were in your place. I would receive the proposal.

2. He would translate the article, if he had a dictionary.

3. If the students had worked hard during the term, they would have passed the exam.

b) Rewrite the sentences using the Zero, First, Second or Third Conditional. The second sentence must have the same meaning as the first.

You put oil on water, the oil floats.

If you put oil on water, it floats.

Madonna’s new record is coming out soon and I don’t want to buy it.

When ___________________________

President Kennedy went to Dallas and he was shot.