3. Выполните упражнение. Подберите подходящее по смыслу слово из списка приведенного ниже.

1. They use both direct and indirect.... of distribution.

2. Agent middlemen do not... to the goods they deal in.

3. Usually wholesaling... stands between the producer and the retailer.

4. A supermarket may... thousands of commissions items.

5. Usually a wholesaler handles a large…of items of numerous manufacturers.

6. Agent middlemen don't earn salaries, they... . .

7. A wholesaler doesn't deal with the customers, … does.

8. ... simplify the problems of manufacturers.

1 wholesalers 2 take title 3 retailer 4 stock 5 channels 6 assortment

7 to receive 8 middleman

Вариант X

1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст, используя слова после текста.

RETAILING

Text

Retailing is selling goods and services to the ultimate consumer. Thus, the retailer is the most expensive link in the chain of distribution. Being middlemen, they make their profit by charging the customer 25 to 100 per cent more than the price they paid for the item.

The retailers operate through stores, mail-order houses, vending machine operators. There are different types of retail stores: department stores, discount houses, cooperatives, single line retailers. The major part (over 95 per cent) of retail establishments concentrate on a single line of merchandise for example, food, hardware, etc.. But nowadays there is a trend for many single line stores to take on a greater variety of supplies.

The retailer performs many necessary functions. First, he may provide a convenient location. Second, he often guarantees and services the merchandise he sells. Third, the retailer helps to promote the product through displays, advertising or sales people. Fourth, the retailer can finance the customer by extending credit. Also the retailer stores the goods in his outlet by having goods available.

Active Vocabulary

retailing- розничная торговля

ultimate consumer- конечный потребитель

link- звено, связь

mail-order house- посылторг

vending machine operator- оператор торговых автоматических машин (продающих мелкие товары: газеты, сигареты и т.д.)

discount house- магазин с относительно низкими ценами на товары

cooperative- кооператив

single line retailer- розничный торговец, продающий какой-либо один товар

to perform functions- выполнять функции

extending credit- длительный кредит

outlet- рынок сбыта, торговая точка

discount- скидка

2. Ответьте на вопросы.

Comprehension Questions

1. What is retailing?

2. What are four different types of retail stores?

3. What are at least two types of retailing that do not include the use of a store?

4. In what way does a retailer serve a customer?

5. In what way does a retailer serve a manufacturer?

6. Which percent of the price of the good sold goes to the retailer?

7.What is the trend with a single line retailer now?