- •Введение
- •Text II Programming Languages
- •Notes to the text:
- •Text III Computer Programming
- •Text IV a Realm of Programming Languages
- •Fortran IV
- •Text a Running the computer program
- •Text b The conversion of symbolic languages
- •Text c Testing the computer program
- •Text II Anti-Virus Software and Other Preventative Countermeasures
- •Why we call it “Virus”
- •Text II Transmitting the Signal
- •Insert the missing information.
- •Text II Fiber-Optic Cables
- •Text III Radio waves
- •In the picture you can see the way that original sound passes before it becomes reproduced sound. Describe this way in your own words.
- •Brief history of the radio
- •Text IV Uses of Radio
- •Text V Communications Satellites
- •Unit IV telecommunications systems
- •Text I Telegraph
- •Text II Telephone, Teletype, Telex, and Facsimile Transmission
- •Text III Radio and Television
- •Text II am and fm broadcast radio
- •Text II Navigation
- •Text III Global Positioning and Navigation Systems
- •Text II Yuzhnoye State Design Office
- •Text III Altitudinal Meteorological Mast (amm)
- •How do you send and receive messages?
- •The future of mobile phones
- •Why people use mobile phones
- •Help always at hand: a mobile is a girl’s best friend
- •Part III
- •Robotics
- •What is robot
- •Exercise 1
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Notes to the text:
- •Exercise 2 Words and expressions to be remembered:
- •Androids
- •Exercise2 Words and expressions to be remembered:
- •Exercise3
- •Exercise4
- •Exercise 5
- •Unit III
- •Entertainment robots
- •Exercise 1
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Exercise2 Words and expressions to be remembered:
- •Exercise3
- •Exercise4
- •Exercise5
- •Exercise6
- •Unit IV articulated robots Text 1
- •Military robots
- •Exercise 1
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Notes to the text
- •Exercise2 Words and expressions to be remembered:
- •Exercise3
- •Exercise4
- •Imagine that you have listened the short lecture about the military robots. Speak to the lecturer answering his questions. Use the following combinations:
- •Exercise5
- •Exercise6
- •ThePlanofRenderingNewspaperArticle
- •Unit VI
- •Humanoid robots
- •Exercise 1
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Notestothetext
- •Unit VII nanorobotics
- •Notes to the text
- •Unit VIII microbotics
- •Unit IX robotic surgery
- •Imagine that you are an interpreter. Translate only that part of the text about evaluation methods of innovation projects.
- •Notes to the text:
- •Text II Anthropogenic Metabolism
- •Text II Numerical Control and Automated Assembly
- •Notes to the text:
- •Text II Telemechanics
- •Notestothetext
- •Text II
- •Information Systems
- •The Management Process, Management Information and Control Systems, and Cybernetics
- •Notestothetext:
- •Inteligent Vehicle Tracking And Controling Systems
- •Методы искусственного интеллекта
- •Text II
- •Information technology
- •Text III
- •Information Age
- •Supplementary reading history of communication
- •The telegraph
- •Commercial growth of the telephone
- •The emergence of broadcasting
- •Government regulation
- •International telecommunications networks
- •Current developments
- •Russia's telecommunications roads get wider, more expensive
- •Developing of telecommunications
- •Sattelite sirvices
- •What is computer virus?
- •What viruses do
- •What viruses don't do
- •Types of computer viruses
- •A place of existence File Infectors
- •Boot Viruses
- •Multi-Partite Viruses
- •Macro Viruses
- •Used operation system
- •Work Algorithms
- •Uses Of Radio Waves
- •Transmission And Reception Of Radio Waves
- •Development Of Radio Technology
- •Bluetooth
- •What Is In a Name? (The History Of Bluetooth)
- •Sic (Special Interest Croup)
- •Used frequencies
- •Bluetooth ability
- •How is connection established?
- •Discoverable mode
- •Limited discoverable mode
- •Protection Technology
- •Digital house
- •Headphones, Video Camera, Microphone, Commutator As Clock.
- •The language of e-mail
- •Internet
- •Basic protocols in Internet and search in them
- •Tools of search in www
- •Tools Of Search
- •Thematic catalogues
- •Magellan
- •Virtual Library
- •Russia-On-Line Subject Guide
- •Automatic indexes
- •Alta Vista
- •Info seek
- •WebCrawler
- •Glossary
- •Заключение
Notes to the text:
1. evapotranspiration - (отлат. Evaporo «испаряю» и транспирация), суммарное количество влаги, удаляемой в результате испарения и транспирации. С эвапотранспирацией коррелирует продуктивность экосистем.
2.streamgauging - измерение скорости потока, расхода (напр. воды)
EXERCISE 2
Learn the following words and expressions.
counterpart |
эквивалент; аналог; прототип |
ubiquity |
вездесущность; повсеместность |
uphole |
вверхпостволускважины |
on probation |
с испытательнымсроком |
transpiration |
испарина; выделениепота |
stomata |
устьица |
critical |
важный |
a data log |
журнал |
an ankle collar |
ножной браслет |
parole |
условно-досрочноосвобождать |
encompass |
выполнять, осуществлять, охватывать |
formation evaluation |
оценка параметров продуктивного пласта |
pulse-position modulation |
фазово-импульснаямодуляция |
pulse-duration modulation |
широтно-импульснаямодуляция |
law enforcement |
деятельностьправоохранительныхорганов |
EXERCISE 3
Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations:
Highly automated communications process, remote or inaccessible points, monitoring equipment, wireless data transfer mechanisms, optical link, wired communications, low cost and ubiquity of GSM networks, interplanetary probes, redundant radio systems, manned or unmanned spacecrafts, drilling mechanics, formation evaluation information, potential lap time of the car, two-way telemetry, accelerations in three axes, suspension displacement, yacht racing, availability of weather and soil data, stream gauging, leak detection in pipelines, depending on the circumstances, risk of abnormal heart activity, telemetry hardware, law enforcement, toviolate the terms of parole, visiting an unauthorized location.
Text II Telemechanics
EXERCISE 1
Read and translate the text. Ask 4-5 questions to your partner about the content.
Telemechanicsis a fast growing field of technology where gathering, transmission, and processing information for the operational centralized control take place. Today, in such industries as power engineering, transportation, oil and gas industrya hierarchical automated dispatch control system has been developedwhichuses micro-computers and local networks. This leads to a significant change of means and methods of telemechanical information transmission.
Remote control system can be viewed as a complex including automatic control, informationmeasuring system and communications.Telemechanics is a field of science studying techniques to control transmission and reception of signals at a distance. As a rule, telemechanization is used when it becomes necessary to unite disconnected, geographically detached objects (for example, to control work of oil and gas pipelines, railroad junctions or weather stations), or when the humanpresence is not desirable at the site (for example, at the nuclear power plant or chemical plant) or impossible due to unavailability of the control object (for example, on board the unmanned rocket, satellite, etc.).The general tasks of telemechanics are:1. Centralization of control of complex manufacturing processes at theindustrial enterprises containing manyisolated, but connected by a single process objects.To control suchprocesses effectively is possible only from control centers, which collect necessary information from all places involved in the production process.2. To ensure control in real-timeoperation mode is a special feature of operation of telemechanical systems.
3. Telemechanical systems must ensure delivery of reliable information, as the damage from the false commandsand delays in the message transmission can lead to huge economic losses and, in some cases,evento people death. To avoid danger, telecontrol systems use various methods of message encoding, duplication of communication channels, etc.
Environment in which telemechanical systems operate can be quite diverse: from air-conditioned premises with 24-hour service tooutdoor installations in non-serviced sites. Reliable operation of the telemechanical systems in specific operating conditions is guaranteed by different standardslimiting their use.
EXERCISE 2
Find English equivalents to the following word combinations.
Следует отметить; сосредоточены в одном месте; централизованное управления и контроль производственными процессами; связанные единым технологическим процессом; режим реального времени; минимальное запаздывание при передаче информации; методы помехозащищенного кодирования сообщений; эксплуатация средств телемеханики; установка на необслуживаемых объектах; недоступность контролируемого объекта; обеспечивать доставку надежной информации; большие экономические потери; резервирование каналов связи.
EXERCISE 3
Discuss the questions in pairs, using thefollowing speech patterns.
In mу opinion; I think; I suppose; in fact; basically; in general; to put it sharply; in very simple terms; the main thing is; in your opinion; actually; if I’m not mistaken:
1.What is telemetry? 2. In what spheres is telemetry applied? Give examples. 3. What fields does telemechanics penetrate? 4. What are the tasks of telemechanics? 5. When is telemechanization used? 6.In what conditions do telemechanical systems operate?
EXERCISE 4
Make up the plan to the text “Telemechanics”.
EXERCISE 5
Translate into Russian the following abstract. Title the abstract.
“The art of telautomatics, or wireless control of automatic machines at a distance, will play a very important part in future wars and, possibly, in the next phases of the present one. Such contrivances which act as if endowed with intelligence will be used in innumerable ways for attack as well as defense.
They may take the shape of aeroplanes, balloons, automobiles, surface or underwater boats, or any other form according to the requirement in each special case, and will be of greater range and destructiveness than the implements now employed. I believe that the telautomatic aerial torpedo will make the large siege gun, on which so much dependence is placed at present, obsolete.”
The Pentagon currently has a fleet of 19,000 unmanned aerial vehicles. Boeing was awarded a contract for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency1 (DARPA) in 2010. The result, pictured above, will be a solar-powered unmanned surveillance aircraft designed to remain aloft at altitudes of over 60,000 feet for up to five years at a time.