I. Vocabulary Exercises

1. Practice the pronunciation of the following words:

sign trouble success failure

judge rate cautious anxious

spatial perceptual considerable reinforcement

assume right left sign

judge

spatial

adjust

left anxious

reinforcement

success

cautious

considerable

right

2. Pronounce the following words and give their Russian equiva­lents. Consult the dictionary to check your answers.

Paralysis [рэ'raelisis], hemiplegia [,herm'pli:d3i3], aphasia [ae'feizja], typically ['tipikali], communicate [ka'mjuinikeit], constant ['konstant], positive ['pozitiv], position [pa'zijn], deficit ['defisit], demonstrate ['demanstreit], impulsively [im 'pAlsivli],

3. Define the meanings of the prefixes in the following words. Write antonyms to these words and translate them.

1. unimpaired, disorganized;

2. reinforcement;

3. overestimate, overlook.

5. Find in the Text English equivalents of the following Russian words and expressions.

Очевидный (видимый) признак; правосторонний паралич; левосторонний паралич; значительное количество; общаться письменно; иметь трудности в приспособлении к ...; скорость движения; недостаточность пространственно-чувственного восприятия; неправильно (плохо) оценивать свои возможности; неосторожное поведение; осознавать ограничение своих возможностей; создавать (букв. : поддерживать) безопасную обстановку.

II. Grammar Exercises

1. Exercise Find in the text sentences with the Complex Object and translate them. (Review: Grammar Note 2, Text A, Unit 12.)

2. Exercise

Find subordinate clauses in the following complex sentences, define the type of the clauses. Translate the sentences. (Review: Grammar Note 1, Text A, Unit 16.)

1. People with right-side hemiplegia who are right-handed often have problems with speech and language.

2. Although this is true, it does not mean that they cannot communicate.

3. If someone can’t talk try another form of communication.

4. If a person can talk and communicate it is assumed they are unimpaired.

5. Some people will be able to communicate better by writing, while for others spoken communication works better.

3. Exercise

Define whether «it» is formal or non-formal in the following sen­tences. Translate the sentences. (Review: Grammar Note 5, Text A, Unit 6.)

1. It is important to keep the environment around them safe.

2. Pneumonia is inflammation of the lungs and it is dangerous for life.

3. It is important to use verbal cues when working with these people since they often cannot learn by demonstration due to their spatial-perceptual deficits.

4. When a group of organs performs a verified series of functions we call it a system.

5. It is possible to refer painful intestines to bacterial or amoebic infection of the gastro-intestinal tract.

6. It is largely in the liver that toxic substances, which might damage the cells, are rendered harmless.

4. Exercise

Find in the text sentences with the conjunction «both...and>> and translate them. (Review: Grammar Note 2, Text A, Unit 11.)

III. Text Exercises

1. Say whether the following sentences are true or false. Correct the false ones.

1. The most visible sign of the stroke is usually paralysis.

Typically, people who have aphasia don’t have any trouble with understanding.

2. People with left-side paralysis tend to overestimate their abilities

4. Right-side paralysis is caused by an injury to the right-side of the brain.

5. Some people with right-side hemiplegia can communicate better by writing.

6. People with spatial-perceptual deficits can learn by demonstration.

2. Translate Text A in written form*. (Use: Active vocabulary to the Text, Vocabulary Exercises, Grammar Notes and Exercises to the Text, and the dictionary.)