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АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК В ПРОФЕССИИ 1.docx
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  1. Mach the given words with their definitions.

support, expansion, raw material, protect, shelter, trench, advance, underpass.

1

material before being processed or manufactured into a final form

2

a long, narrow hole that is dug in the ground

3

a crossing of a highway and another way (as a road or railroad) at different levels

4

a structure that covers or protects people or things

5

to hold up or serve as a foundation or prop for something

6

to move or bring forward

7

the act of becoming bigger or of making something bigger: the act of expanding

8

to defend or guard from attack, invasion, loss; cover from injury or danger.

  1. Match the English equivalents to the following Russian words and combinations.

    1. кремнёвый камень, огниво

    a. non-level crossings

    2. хранение продуктов

    b. mankind dug tunnels and caves

    3. добыть во время охоты и рыбалки

    c. the origin of tunnel building

    4. эволюция развития тоннельных технологий

    d. to divert a river

    5. инструменты соответствуют историческому периоду

    e. bone

    6. подробно (полностью) отображать

    f. antler

    7. пересечение дорог на разных уровнях

    g. flint

    8. кость

    h. tools of age

    9. отвести реку

    i. evolution of tunneling technology

    10. олений рог

    j. closely mirror

    11. вход в гробницу

    k. closed-face shield-driven tunnel

    12. люди копали тоннели и пещеры

    l. to store foods

    13. начало строительства тоннелей

    m. to gather with hunting and fishing

    14. тоннель, сделанный щитовой проходкой с закрытым забоем

    n. entrance to tomb

  2. Give Russian equivalents to the following English words and combinations.

Utilizing chemical additives for soil stabilization, sophisticated computer system, to monitor machine operation characteristics, "cut-and-cover" method, the best way to haul freight over great distances, watery highways, compressed-air drills, bustling cities, underground rapid transit systems.

  1. Fill in the gaps with necessary words.

expansion, bore, hand- excavated, pedestrian, sophisticated, beneath, age, disputed, advance, haul freight

  1. Tunnels have progressed from … tunnels with timber supports to innovative high- technology.

  1. … computer systems to monitor machine operation characteristics.

  2. The origin of tunnel building is ….

  3. The tools used in tunneling were the tools of …: bone, antler, flint and wood to early human, bronze, iron and steel as civilization ….

  4. Watery highways became the best way to … over great distances for example to transport raw materials from the country to the city.

  5. With trains and cars came a tremendous … in tunnel construction.

  6. In the United Kingdom a … tunnel or other underpass beneath a road is called a subway.

  7. With the latest tunnel construction technology, engineers can … through mountains, under rivers, and … bustling cities.