5. Наречия времени, употребляемые с видовременными формами

Indefinite

Continuous

Perfect

Perfect Continuous

Present

every week/month/

year, etc.

usually

often

always

rarely

never

sometimes

in the morning/

evening/

afternoon

at night

on Mondays

now

at the moment

at present

nowadays

today

tonight

always

still

just

ever

never

already

yet

always

how long

so far

recently

since

for

today

this week/

month

how long

for

since

Past

yesterday

last week, etc

ago

then

just now

when

in 1987

while

when

as

just

never

already

yet

since

for

after

before

by

by the time

for

since

Future

tomorrow

tonight

next week/

month

in two/three etc days

the day after tomorrow

soon

in a week/month

soon

in a week/

month

before

by

by then

by the time

until

by … for

Функция/значение

Модальные глаголы

Obligation/necessity

Must/have to (You are obliged to)

Advice

Must/should/ought to (I advise you to)

Prohibition

Mustn’t (You are not allowed to)

Lack of necessity

Needn’t/Don’t have to (It is not necessary)

Ability

Can (present)

Could (general ability in the past)

Was able to (single action in the past)

Note: see, hear, feel, smell, taste, understand, remember, guess + could (not was/were able to)

Permission

Can (we know a person well)

Could (more polite than can)

May (we don’t know a person well)

Can’t‒ refusing permission

Answer:

Yes, of course.

Of course.

Certainly.

If we know a person well:

Sure.

No problem.

Request

Can

Could

Will

Suggestion

Can/Could/Shall

Possibility

May/might/could (perhaps, it is possible)

Offer

Shall (would you like me to do)

Logical assumption

Must (I am sure …)

Can’t be (I am sure …)