State System of Russia
Russia is a parliamentary republic. The Head of State in country is the President. The government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The President controls each of them.
The legislative power is exercised by the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers: the Council of Federation and the State Duma. Each chamber is headed by the Speaker. A bill may be introduced in any chamber. A bill becomes a law if it is approved by both chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill. He can make international treaties. The President may also appoint ministers; the Federal Assembly approves them. The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by the people for four years.
The executive power belongs to the Government, or the Cabinet of Ministers. The government is headed by the Ргime Minister.
The judicial power belongs to the system of courts. It consists of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and other courts
The national symbol of Russia is a white-blue-and-red banner. The coat-of-arms of the Russian Federation is the double-headed eagle.
Answer the questions:
1. What branches does the Government consist of?
2. What is the legislative power exercised by?
3. How is a law made?
4. What body does the executive power belong to?
5. What does the system of courts consist of?
6. What are the national symbols of Russia?
Translate into English:
1. Глава парламентской республики России — президент.
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2. Законопроект становится законом, если президент не наложит на него вето.
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3. Законопроект должен быть одобрен обеими палатами и подписан президентом.
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4. Исполнительную власть представляет кабинет министров, возглавляемый премьер-министром.
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5. Судебная власть осуществляется Конституционным судом, Верховным судом и другими судами.
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Honesty is the best policy.
Fish begins to stink at the head.
One hand washes the other.
TOPIC 3.
Newspapers.
You will read the texts “Press in the United Kingdom”,
“US Newspapers”, “Newspapers in Russia”.
Before you begin reading say what newspapers in these countries you know, what Russian newspapers you read, what are the topics you read about.
Now read the texts and say what is new for you.
Look through the texts again, write out the italicized word combinations and find their meaning using your dictionary. Work in a group of 3-4 students.
After reading each text answer the questions and translate the given sentences. Work in a group of 3-4 students.
V. Choose one text, write out 7-8 key words. Using them retell the text.
Press in the United Kingdom
More daily newspapers are sold in Britain than in most other countries of the world. Britain is one of the few countries where daily newspapers are delivered at the door, before breakfast. There are about 135 daily papers and Sunday papers. A lot of people buy a morning paper, and a Sunday paper.
National newspapers have a circulation of 15.8 million copies on weekdays and 17.9 million copies on Sundays. National newspapers are papers which are sold in all parts of Britain. Nearly all the national newspapers are in London. The famous newspaper street, Fleet Street, now houses only "The Daily Express".
The newspapers are divided into two main groups: quality papers and popular papers. Quality newspapers are "The Times", "The Guardian", "The Daily Telegraph", "The Independent", "The Financial Times", "The Observer", "The Sunday Times" "The Sunday Telegraph". They report national and international news very thoroughly. They also publish articles on many general subjects. The popular papers publish sensational news. The popular papers are "The News of the World", "The Sun", "The Daily Mirror" and others. They publish «personal article» which shock the reader. Many articles deal with the private lives of people.
Newspapers do not depend financially on political parties. But many of them support a political party unofficially. For example, during the general elections many editors write open letters to the readers. They are called "leaders" and ask their readers to vote for this or that party.
Most newspapers in Britain belong to financial groups.. They do not belong to the Government or political parties.
Answer the questions:
1. What proves that the British are a reading nation?
2. What is a national newspaper?
3. What groups are newspapers in the United Kingdom subdivided into?
4. What kind of articles does each type of newspapers publish?
5. Do newspapers in Britain support any political party?
6. Who do newspapers in Great Britain belong to?
Translate into English:
Утренние газеты в Великобритании доставляются на дом (to people's homes).
Общенациональные газеты издаются тиражами в миллионы экземпляров и продаются во всех частях страны.
В Лондоне издаются все общенациональные газеты.
Серьезные газеты публикуют статьи по внутренним и международным проблемам, а также статьи общего характера.
Популярные газеты публикуют статьи о частной жизни людей; часто они шокируют читателя.
Во время выборов редакторы газет просят своих читателей голосовать за ту или иную партию.
Газеты в Великобритании принадлежат не правительству или политическим партиям, а финансовым группам.
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