2. Answer the questions:

1. What is the role of Moscow in Russia?

2. When was Moscow founded?

3. When did it become the capital?

4. What part does the present-day Moscow play in the life of Russia?

5. What is the surface of Moscow?

6. What is the heart of the city?

7. What is there on the territory of the Kremlin?

8. What is the main square of Moscow?

9. What sights are worth visiting in Moscow?

10. Are there any theatres of world level in Moscow?

3. Insert the articles:

Moscow`s Places of Interest

…Moscow is …capital of … Russian Federation. It attracts …tourists from all over … world.

…Moscow is known for its …beautiful old… cathedrals, and monasteries. Some of them date from … 15th to …17th centuries. Before …revolution of 1917 …Moscow had 350 …churches, but many of them were destroyed after … revolution.

…Moscow is also noted for its… art museums. … most popular of them are …Tretyakov Gallery and … Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. … Tretyakov Gallery houses … unique collection of Russian painters. Almost all famous Russian painters are represented there.

… Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts contains … vast collection of antiquities and …well-known collection of modern foreign painters including…Impressionists.

… oldest part of …Moscow is … Kremlin. This is … main tourist attraction in …Moscow. … Kremlin stands at … heart of … city. … word "Kremlin" means "fortress", and … Moscow Kremlin used to be … fortress. In 1156 … small settlement of … Moscow was surrounded by … wooden wall, and became …Kremlin. … town and … Kremlin were burnt in 1237 and 1293 during … Tatar invasion, but they were rebuilt. In 1367 …Prince Dmitry Donskoy built … white-stone wall around …Kremlin. In … 15th century, by order of… grand duke Ivan III … Kremlin was surrounded by …new red-brick wall.

…twenty towers of … Kremlin wall were constructed in …end of … 17th century. By that time …Moscow had already wised to be … fortress. … towers were built for decoration and had no …military significance. Five of … towers were gates. … Tainitskaya Tower had … secret passage to … Moskva river. … Spasskaya Tower is … symbol of …Russia and …Moscow. It has … famous clock; one can hear its chimes on … radio. … clock which we can see today was installed in … middle of… 19th century.

… buildings inside … Kremlin wall were built between …15th and … 17th centuries. There are …Bell Tower of Ivan … Great (16 c), and …famous group of churches. …Assumption Cathedral is … largest one. It was built in 1479; …Russian tsars and emperors were crowned there. In …Archangel Cathedral one can see tombs of Moscow princes and tsars. Among them are … tombs of Ivan …Terrible, his… sons Ivan and … Tsar Fyodor. Annunciation Cathedral was built in 1484.It is noted for its frescoes by …Andrei Rublyov and his … pupils.

…Granovitaya Palata is another masterpiece inside … Kremlin wall. Moscow tsars held magnificent receptions in honour of foreign …ambassadors there. …Tsar Cannon and …tsar Bell attract …crowds of …tourists, too.

Outside …Kremlin Wall there is …famous Red Square. Tourists can look at … magnificent Cathedral of Vasily …Blessed, …Lenin Mausoleum and … monument to K.Minin and D. Pozharsky.

4. Retell the text (ex.3)

5. Translate into English:

1.Москва — административный, экономический, политический центр России и один из крупнейших городов страны.

2. Население Москвы — около 9 миллионов человек, общая площадь — 900 000 кв. километров.

3.Москва была основана Юрием Долгоруким и впервые упоминалась в летописях в 1347 году.

4.Из пограничного поселка Москва превратилась в процветающий город, столицу Московии.

5. Москва осталась центром России и стала основной целью Наполеона при нападении на Россию.

6. Москва — крупный промышленный город, город науки и образования.

7. Старинные церкви, соборы и монастыри привлекают тысячи туристов со всего света.

3. Москва знаменита своими художественными музеями, в которых размещаются уникальные коллекции произведений русских и зарубежных художников.

4. Кремль привлекает огромное количество туристов.

5. Когда небольшой поселок обнесли стеной, он стал крепостью.

6. Во время татарского нашествия Кремль несколько раз разрушали, но быстро отстраивали.

7. Башни Кремля были построены для украшения, когда Москва перестала быть крепостью.

8. Колокольня Ивана Великого и соборы были построены между 15 и 17 веками.

9. В соборах Кремля короновали и хоронили царей и императоров.

10. Великолепные соборы Кремля известны также своими фресками.

UNIT V