Урология - BPH. Prostatic cancer
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T2b
T3a
T3b
T4
Regional lymphnodes
Distant metastasis
Clinical features
The single main presenting symptom peculiar to cancer of the prostate is the obstruction to flow of urine causing acute or chronic retention of the urine.
The cancer prostate may present in various type.
TYPE 1. Occult type, which means that at the time of routine histological examination of the tissue removed by prostatectomy shows presence of carcinoma.
TYPE 2. The patients presents with symptoms of prostatism.
TYPE 3. Patients presents with acute or chronic retention, on rectal examination hard consistency and irregular surface in prostate are felt.
TYPE 4. Symptoms due to metastasis. One out of 20 patients may have their first symptoms from metastasis. Pain in the lumbosacral region which may radiate to the
hips or down the legs should arouse suspicion of malignancy of the prostate.
Physical signs
Abdominal examination usually reveals no abnormality, except when the patient presents with retention of urine, when distend bladder can be detected.
General examination should be performed carefully to exclude anaemia, tenderness in the spine, enlarged lymph nodes.