Винник_фонетика

Mike: Would you like some ice-cream, Violet?

Violet: No thanks, Mike. I'm busy typing. Talk to me some other time. I have ninety-nine pages to type by Friday.

Mike: Never mind. Do you like riding, Violet? Violet: Sometimes.

Mike: Would you like to come riding with me tonight, Violet? Violet: Not tonight, Mike. I'm going for a drive with Nigel. Mike: What about Friday?

Violet: I'm going climbing with Miles. Mike: Hm! Oh, all right. 'Bye!

Myra: Violet, he's put something behind your typewriter. Violet: Is it something nice, Myra?

Myra: No. It's a spider.

[2, p. 21].

21.4. Rhymes

Each word in the box makes a rhyming pair with one of the words in the columns. Pay attention to the vowel sound and write the rhyming pairs next to each other. Then listen and repeat.

21.5. Saying abbreviations in names and addresses

When we write names and addresses, we often use abbreviations. What do the abbreviations below mean? How do we say them? Listen and check your pronunciation.

Here are some more names and addresses. How would you say them? Listen and check your answers.

[3, p. 78].

UNIT 22 22. 1.

The sound [ ɒɪ ]

No.17, diphthong with a back, open (narrow variation), slightly rounded nucleus [ɪ] – glide.

The nucleus lies between the sounds [ɔ:] and [ɒ]. It starts with the position between back half-open and open. For the glide the tongue moves upwards in the direction of [ɪ], though the tongue rarely reaches there. The lips are slightly rounded for the nucleus changing to neutral for the glide.

22.2. Intonation. Refusing politely.

Match up the two halves of these dialogues.

Listen and check your answers. If you want the refusal sound the most polite, the intonation in actually should start high, go down and then up.

To practise try exaggerating like this. Listen and repeat the second half of each dialogue, paying attention to intonation in actually.

Practise reading the dialogues with a partner and then make up some more dialogues of your own, still paying attention to your intonation especially in actually to make the refusal sound polite.

[3, p. 56].

22.3. Dialogue

Read the dialogue, transcribe it, and mark all the phonetic phenomena in it. Then listen to the dialogue, mark stresses and tunes. Then picture it on the tonogram. Then listen to the dialogue a lot of times and learn it by heart.

Practice saying some words from the dialogue below illustrating the sound [ɒɪ]. Listen and repeat:

22.4. Sounds and spelling

Underline the symbol that matches the sound underlined in the word.

22.5. Saying fractions and decimals.

Listen to the different ways that fractions and decimals are pronounced in

Listen and answer the questions like this:

You listen: What‟s another way of saying „half‟?

You speak: .5 You listen: .5

Read out the question and ask somebody in your class to answer it. Do it question by question.

a. What is normal human body temperature in degrees centigrade?

[3, p. 45].

UNIT 23 23.1.

The sound [ əʊ ]

No.14, diphthong with a mixed, mid-open (narrow variation), unrounded nucleus and [ʊ] – glide.

The starting point of the tongue position is similar to that of [ɜ:]; it starts with a central position, between half-close and half-open. For the glide the tongue moves upwards in the direction of [ʊ] there being a slight closing movement of

the lower jaw. The lips are neutral for the first element and get slightly rounded for the second.

[1, p. 107].

First practise saying the sounds [ɜ:] and [əʊ], then practise saying them in contrast. Listen and repeat:

First practise saying the sounds [ɔ:] and [əʊ], then practise saying them in contrast. Listen and repeat:

23.2. Intonation. Reading aloud.

Listen to the paragraph and mark the stressed syllables. Then listen to the whole paragraph again and read along with the tape until you are satisfied with your pronunciation.

Doing regular exercise can be dangerous, especially if you are over forty. This is why it is a very good idea to see your doctor before starting if you think you are not very fit. Some people try to exercise too vigorously too soon, and as a result hey cause themselves injuries which can take a long time to heal.

[3, p. 43].

23.3. Dialogue

Read the dialogue, transcribe it, and mark all the phonetic phenomena in it. Then listen to the dialogue, mark stresses and tunes. Then picture it on the tonogram. Then listen to the dialogue a lot of times and learn it by heart.

Practice saying some words from the dialogue below illustrating the sound [əʊ]. Listen and repeat:

Joan: OK. I'll put my coat on and go out and make a snowball and throw it at your nose, Joe Jones!

[2, p. 25].

23.4. The sounds [ɒ] and [əʊ]

Listen to the two English names, one a man‟s and one a woman‟s. Can you hear the difference between the vowel sounds? [ɒ] John [əʊ] Joan

Listen and write in the sounds that you hear – [ɒ] or [əʊ].

Listen to the dialogues and underline all the [ɒ] sounds that you hear. a. John! There's Joan on the phone. c. Okay then! I'm going!

Listen to the dialogues again and circle all the [əʊ] sounds. Practise reading the dialogues with a partner. Pay attention to the pronunciation of vowel sounds [ɒ] and [əʊ].

[3, p. 24].

23.5. Ways of pronouncing –ou-

The letters -ou- are pronounced in many different ways. Examples: four = [ ɔ: ] group = [ u: ]

The following groups of four words are all spelt with -ou-. Underline the word

The words in the following sentences are written in phonetic script. Write them in letters.

a.It's the [ θɔ:t ] _____ that [ kaʊnts ] _____ .

b.There‟s an [ ənɔ:məs ] _____ [ maʊs ] _____ in the kitchen.

c.I have a lot of [ tr bl ] _____ with noisy [ nеɪbəz ] _____ .

d.You [ ɔ:t ] _____ to do something about that [ kɒf ] ____ .

e.I have no [ daʊt ] _____ that my boss will be [ fjʊərɪə ] _____.

f.[ ɔ: lðəʊ ] ______ it rained last night, we still have a [ draʊt ] ______ .

[6, p. 52].

UNIT 24 24.1.

The sound [ aʊ ]

No.16, diphthong with a mixed, open (broad variation), unrounded nucleus and [ʊ] – glide.

The starting point of the diphthong is between the back and front open positions. The sound starts with the position slightly more retracted than for the nuc-

leus of the diphthong [aɪ] and more advanced than for the vowel [ɑ:]. For the

glide the tongue moves upwards in the direction of [ʊ], the mouth gets closer. The lips are neutral for the first element and get slightly rounded for the second.

[1, p. 108].

First practise saying the sounds [ɑ:] and [aʊ], then practise saying them in contrast. Listen and repeat:

24.2. Stress in phrasal verbs

24.3. Dialogue

Read the dialogue, transcribe it, and mark all the phonetic phenomena in it. Then listen to the dialogue, mark stresses and tunes. Then picture it on the tonogram. Then listen to the dialogue a lot of times and learn it by heart.

Practice saying some words from the dialogue below illustrating the sound [aʊ]. Listen and repeat:

110 PART II. PRACTICE IN ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

Mrs. Brown: (sitting down) I've found a mouse in the house. Mr. Brown: A brown mouse?

Mrs. Brown: Yes. A little round mouse, it's running around in the lounge. Mr. Brown: On the ground?

Mrs. Brown: Yes. It's under the couch now. Mr. Brown: Well, get it out.

Mrs. Brown: How?

Mr. Brown: Turn the couch upside-down. Get it out somehow.

We don't want a mouse in our house. Ours is the cleanest house in the town!

[2, p. 24].

24.4. row: [raʊ] or [rəʊ]

These words have different meanings according to the pronunciation. Check the meaning and the pronunciation in your dictionary.

row tear used live lead wind use Practise saying the following sentences. Listen and check your answers.

a.This programme is coming to you [laɪv] from Mongolia.

b.Mind that nail! You'll [tеə] your shirt. Oh!

c.Listen to that [wɪnd] howling outside.

d.The [ju:s] of mobile phones is strictly forbidden in this library.

e.Listen to the neighbours! They're having a terrible [raʊ].

f.Where do these stairs [li:d]?

g.I hate mornings! I'm not [ju:st] to getting up so early.

Write a sentence to illustrate the other meaning of the words.

[5, p. 44].

24.5. Revision of vowel sounds – [ɒ], [ ], [ɜ:], [ɔ:], [əʊ], and [aʊ]

Look at the words. Look at the vowel sounds marked and put the words into the correct columns. Listen and check your answers. Listen again and practise saying each word correctly.