Book
.pdfThe House of Lords
Appeals from the Court of Appeals are carried to the House of Lords which is the apex of the judicial system. Only senior judges, known as Lords of Appeal, sit when the House of Lords deals with legal appeals, though they are also sometimes joined by other senior judges. Their decisions on both criminal and civil matters bind all other courts.
|
I. Match each of the following types of court with the explanation. |
|
1. |
appellate court (court of appeals) |
a) This is where a person |
|
|
under the age of 18 would |
|
|
be tried. |
2. |
crown court |
b) This is the court of primary |
|
|
jurisdiction, where a case is |
|
|
heard for the first time. |
3. |
high court |
c) This is where small crimes are |
|
|
tried. |
4. |
juvenile courts |
d) This is where a case is |
|
|
reviewed which has already |
|
|
been heard in a lower court. |
5. |
lower court |
e) This is where law students |
|
|
argue hypothetical cases. |
6. |
magistrates' court |
f) This is where cases involving |
|
|
a limited amount of money are |
|
|
handled. |
7. |
moot court |
g) This is where serious criminal |
|
|
cases are heard by a judge and |
|
|
a jury. |
8. |
small claims court |
h) This is where a group of |
|
|
specially chosen people |
|
|
examine legal problems of a |
|
|
particular type, such as |
|
|
employment disputes. |
9. |
tribunal |
i) This is usually the highest |
|
|
court in a jurisdiction, the |
|
|
court of last resort. |
II.Answer the questions.
1.What is the function of the Crown Court?
2.What judges sit in the Crown Court? How are they addressed?
3.What courts do appeals go to the Court of Appeal from?
131
4.How are judges in the House of Lords called?
5.Are the decisions of the House of Lords obligatory for both civil and criminal courts?
III.Select the relevant information from the texts 'Civil Courts' and 'Criminal Courts' and transfer it to the chart.
Courts: Judicial organization
|
Court |
Jurisdiction |
Judges |
Penalty |
1. |
Magistrates' Court |
|
|
|
2. |
Crown Court |
|
|
|
3. |
County Court |
|
|
|
4. |
The Chancery Division of High Court |
|
|
|
5. |
The Queen's Bench Division of High |
|
|
|
|
Court |
|
|
|
6. |
The Family Division of High Court |
|
|
|
7. |
Court of Appeal |
|
|
|
8. |
The House of Lords |
|
|
|
IV. Use this chart to describe the organisation of the courts in England and Wales. Point out:
•Courts of civil and criminal jurisdiction
•The hierarchy of courts
•The role and function of each court
|
House of Lords |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Court of Appeal |
|||
Civil Division |
|
|
Criminal Division |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High Court |
|
|
Crown Court |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
County Court |
|
|
Magistrates' Court |
|
|
|
|
|
|
V.Translate into English.
Книзшим в Англии и Уэльсе относятся суды графств и магистратские суды. Суды графств – основные органы гражданского пра-
132
восудия, в которых по первой инстанции рассматривается около 90 процентов гражданских дел. Дела в судах графств слушаются окружными судьями или рикордерами в большинстве случаев единолично либо с присяжными.
Магистратские суды рассматривают основную массу уголовных дел. Они могут приговорить осужденных к штрафу либо лишению свободы на срок до шести месяцев. Если магистраты приходят к выводу, что обвиняемый заслуживает более сурового наказания, они передают дело на рассмотрение Суда короны. Магистраты не являются профессиональными юристами и не обязательно имеют юридическое образование.
VI. Arrange a discussion on the following.
1.Do you think that legal cases are best decided by professional judges, not by ordinary members of the public? Do you expect lay judges to be able to deal with serious cases and difficult legal concepts?
2.What is an advantage or disadvantage of the hierarchy of the courts in England and Wales?
3.What's the system of courts in Russia?
4.Which court system seems to you more efficient? The one in England or in Russia? What's the main difference?
133
Irregular Verbs
Неправильные глаголы
Infinitive |
Past Simple |
Participle II |
Основные значения |
Arise |
Arose |
Arisen |
возникнуть |
Be |
Was, were |
Been |
быть |
Bear |
Bore |
Born |
нести; родить |
Become |
Became |
Become |
стать, сделаться |
Begin |
Began |
Begun |
начать |
Bind |
Bound |
Bound |
связать |
Break |
Broke |
Broken |
(с)ломать |
Bring |
Brought |
Brought |
принести |
Build |
Built |
Built |
строить |
Buy |
Bought |
Bought |
купить |
Cast |
Cast |
Cast |
бросать |
Choose |
Chose |
Chosen |
выбрать |
Come |
Came |
Come |
прийти |
Cut |
Cut |
Cut |
резать |
Deal |
Dealt |
Dealt |
иметь дело |
Do |
Did |
Done |
делать |
Drink |
Drank |
Drunk |
пить, выпить |
Feel |
Felt |
Felt |
чувствовать |
Fight |
Fought |
Fought |
сражаться |
Find |
Found |
Found |
находить |
Fly |
Flew |
Flown |
летать |
Forget |
Forgot |
Forgotten |
забыть |
Get |
Got |
Got |
получить |
give |
Gave |
Given |
дать |
Go |
Went |
Gone |
идти, уходить |
Grow |
Grew |
Grown |
расти |
Have |
Had |
Had |
иметь |
Hear |
Heard |
Heard |
слышать |
Hold |
Held |
Held |
держать |
Keep |
Kept |
Kept |
хранить |
Know |
Knew |
Known |
знать |
Lay |
Laid |
Laid |
класть, положить |
Lead |
Led |
Led |
вести |
Learn |
Leant, learned |
Learnt, learned |
учить |
Leave |
Left |
Left |
оставить |
Let |
Let |
Let |
позволять |
Lose |
Lost |
Lost |
терять |
Make |
Made |
Made |
делать |
Mean |
Meant |
Meant |
подразумевать |
Mislead |
Misled |
Misled |
ввести в заблуждение |
Pay |
Paid |
Paid |
платить |
Put |
Put |
Put |
класть |
Read |
Read |
Read |
читать |
Rise |
Rose |
Risen |
подняться |
134
Irregular Verbs (продолжение)
Infinitive |
Past Simple |
Participle II |
Основные значения |
|
|
|
бежать, течь |
Run |
Ran |
Run |
|
Say |
Said |
Said |
говорить, сказать |
See |
Saw |
Seen |
видеть |
Send |
Sent |
Sent |
послать |
Set |
Set |
Set |
устанавливать |
Show |
Showed |
Shown |
показывать |
Sit |
Sat |
Sat |
сидеть |
Speak |
Spoke |
Spoken |
говорить |
Spend |
Spent |
Spent |
тратить |
Split |
Split |
Split |
расщепить(ся) |
Spread |
Spread |
Spread |
распространяться |
Stand |
Stood |
Stood |
стоять |
Steal |
Stole |
Stolen |
украсть |
Take |
Took |
Taken |
взять, брать |
Teach |
Taught |
Taught |
учить |
Tell |
Told |
Told |
рассказать, сказать |
Think |
Thought |
Thought |
думать |
Understand |
Understood |
Understood |
понимать |
Win |
Won |
Won |
выиграть |
Withdraw |
Withdrew |
Withdrawn |
взять назад, отозвать |
Write |
Wrote |
Written |
писать |
135
LIST OF REFERENCE BOOKS
1.Amy Krois-Lindner and TransLegal. International Legal English. A course for classroom or self-study use. – Cambridge University Press, 2003. – 320 c.
2.Oxford Advanced learner's Dictionary. – Oxford University Press, 1997.
3.Александрова Л.В., Карпова Д.П. Учебно-методическая разработка "Грамматические трудности перевода юридических текстов". Учебное пособие / Под ред.
Т.Н. Шишкиной. – М., 1998. – 96 с.
4.Бережнева Н.А., Голобородко А.Г., Карпова Д.П., Тарасова Т.И. Английский язык для студентов-юристов: Университетский курс: Учебное пособие / Под ред. Т.И. Тарасовой, Т.Н. Шишкиной. – М.: Городец, 2005. – 176 с.
5.Двойнина Е.В. Английский язык для юристов: Учебное пособие. – М.: Приор-
издат, 2004. – 112 с.
6.Илиади Ю.А. Английский язык для юристов: Учеб. пособие. – М.: Проспект, 2006. – 392 с.
7.Карпова Д.П. Have fun in law. Reader for law students / Под ред. Т.Н. Шишкиной.
– М.: ЧуДо, 2000. – 64 с.
8.Комаровская С.Д. Английский язык для юристов: Учебное пособие. – М.: Уни-
верситет, 1998. – 240 с.
9.Крупченко А.К. Law in Russia. – М.: Внешмальтиграф, 1999. – 187 с.
10.Лонь С.Л. Правоохранительные органы в России: Учебно-методический комплекс. – Томск: НТЛ, 2005. – 144 с.
11.Николаева А.В., Разуваева Т.Н. Английский для юристов. Пособие по английскому языку для студентов старших курсов юридических факультетов. – Ростов н/Д.: МарТ, 2002. – 112 с.
136
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Предисловие ........................................................................................... |
5 |
|
Part I. Grammar ...................................................................................... |
6 |
|
§1. |
Article ................................................................................... |
7 |
§2. |
Pronoun ............................................................................... |
9 |
§3. |
The Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs ........ |
13 |
§4. |
Some, any, every, no ............................................................. |
16 |
§5. |
Both… and, either… or, neither… nor .................................... |
17 |
§6. |
There + to be ...................................................................... |
18 |
§7. |
English verbs ....................................................................... |
21 |
§8. |
Simple Tenses ...................................................................... |
22 |
§9. |
Types of questions ............................................................... |
27 |
§10. Progressive Tenses ............................................................... |
32 |
|
§11. Perfect Tenses ...................................................................... |
36 |
|
§12. Perfect Progressive Tenses .................................................... |
40 |
|
§13. Modal verbs ........................................................................ |
42 |
|
§14. The equivalents of modal verbs ............................................ |
44 |
|
§15. Participle I, II ...................................................................... |
50 |
|
§16. The Functions of Participle .................................................. |
53 |
|
§17. Absolute Participle Construction .......................................... |
55 |
|
§18. Passive voice ........................................................................ |
57 |
|
§19. Sequence of Tenses .............................................................. |
64 |
|
Part II. Texts .......................................................................................... |
67 |
|
Tomsk State University ................................................................ |
67 |
|
The Siberian Botanical Gardens .................................................. |
69 |
|
Scientific library ......................................................................... |
69 |
|
Museums ................................................................................... |
70 |
|
The Law Institute of Tomsk State University ................................ |
70 |
|
Oxford University ....................................................................... |
73 |
|
University of Cambridge. Faculty of Law ..................................... |
74 |
|
What is LAW? ............................................................................. |
76 |
|
Other Times – Other Manners .................................................... |
79 |
|
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ................................................. |
81 |
|
Constitution and Government Structure ...................................... |
82 |
|
Presidential Powers ..................................................................... |
83 |
|
Informal Powers and Power Centres ............................................ |
85 |
|
Presidential elections .................................................................. |
87 |
|
Government (Cabinet) ................................................................ |
88 |
|
Legislative Branch. Parliament ..................................................... |
90 |
|
Judicial branch ........................................................................... |
94 |
|
Court System .............................................................................. |
95 |
|
THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN |
|
AND NORTHERN IRELAND ................................................ |
100 |
Physical Geography. Climate. Population .................................. |
100 |
The Constitution ....................................................................... |
101 |
The Monarchy .......................................................................... |
102 |
The Changing Tendencies of the Monarchy ............................... |
103 |
The Commonwealth ................................................................. |
105 |
Parliament ................................................................................ |
105 |
The Functions of Parliament ..................................................... |
107 |
The House of Lords .................................................................. |
107 |
The House of Commons ........................................................... |
108 |
Officers of the House of Commons ............................................ |
109 |
Parliamentary Electoral System .................................................. |
110 |
The Political Party System .......................................................... |
111 |
The Party System in Parliament .................................................. |
111 |
Parliamentary Procedure ........................................................... |
114 |
The Law making Process .......................................................... |
115 |
Passage of Public Bills ............................................................... |
116 |
Royal Assent ............................................................................. |
117 |
Limitations on the Power of the Lords ....................................... |
118 |
Prime Minister ......................................................................... |
119 |
Just for fun ............................................................................... |
120 |
Lord Chancellor and Law Officers ............................................. |
120 |
The Cabinet ............................................................................. |
120 |
Cabinet Meetings ...................................................................... |
121 |
The European Union ................................................................ |
121 |
Ministerial Responsibility .......................................................... |
123 |
English common law ................................................................ |
124 |
The Judiciary ............................................................................ |
126 |
The House of Lords .................................................................. |
131 |
Irregular Verbs .......................................................................... |
134 |
List of reference books .......................................................................... |
136 |
Издательство“STT”являетсялидеромнаучного книгоизданиявCибирскомрегионе,имеетсобствен ноепредставительствовСША,чтопозволяетвыпус катьлитературусамериканскимивыходнымиданны ми,оформленнымипомеждународнымстандартам. Издательствоконсультируетповопросамзащитыав торских прав, организации выпуска научной перио дикиираспространениюнаучныхкнигижурналовв России и за рубежом.
Лучшие книги, выпущенные Издательством “STT”,находятсявкрупнейшихбиблиотекахмира– National Library of Medicine(USA), The British Library (UK), Library of Congress (USA) и в The US Patent Bureau(USA),чтообеспечиваетихразмещениевми ровых базах данных.
г. Томск, проспект Ленина 15Б 1 тел./факс: (3822) 421 455, 421 477, 206 857 e mail: stt@sttonline.com
МИР ЖДЕТ ВАШИ КНИГИ!
УЧЕБНОЕ ИЗДАНИЕ
Ирина Семеновна Савицкая Ольга Игоревна Милованова
БАЗОВЫЙ КУРС АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ЮРИСТОВ
IКУРСА
Том 1
Дизайн – Е.В. Хоружая Редактура – С.В. Алексеев Менеджер проекта – Т.В. Тихонова
Издательство«STT» (Scientific&TechnicalTranslations)
г.Томск,проспектЛенина,15Б 1 (длякорреспонденции:Россия,634021,г.Томск,а/я1747)
тел./факс:(3822)421 455, 421 477,206 857 e mail:stt@sttonline.com
Формат 84х108/32. Усл. п. л. 7,35. Уч. изд. л. 7,7. БумагаSelect.ГарнитураNewton7C.Печатьцифровая. Тираж300экз.Заказ№293.