АнглиЙскиЙ модуль 3

SUMMONS IN A CRIMINAL CASE

YOU ARE SUMMONED to appear before the United States district court at the time, date, and place set forth below to answer to one or more offenses or violations based on the following document filed with the court:

Indictment Superseding Indictment Probation Violation Petition

Information Superseding Information Supervised Release Violation Petition Violation Notice Order of Court Complaint

This offense is briefly described as follows:

Date: _________________________ ________________________

Issuing officer’s signature

________________________

Printed name and title

I declare under penalty of perjury that I have:

Executed and returned this summons Returned this summons unexecuted

Date: _________________________ ________________________

Server’s signature

____________________

Printed name and title

3. Изучите повестку в суд по гражданскому делу. Сравните ее с повесткой по уголовному делу. На английском языке расскажите о сходствах и различиях.

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT for the

__________ District of __________

__________________

Plaintiff v.

__________________

Defendant Civil Action No.

SUMMONS IN A CIVIL ACTION

To: (Defendant’s name and address)

A lawsuit has been filed against you.

Within 21 days after service of this summons on you (not counting the day you received it) — or 60 days if you are the United States or a United States agency, or an officer or employee of the United States described in Fed. R. Civ. P. 12 (a)(2) or (3) — you must serve on the plaintiff an answer to the attached complaint or a motion under Rule 12 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The answer or motion must be served on the plaintiff or plaintiff’s attorney, whose name and address are:

If you fail to respond, judgment by default will be entered against you for the relief demanded in the complaint. You also must file your answer or motion with the court.

CLERK OF COURT

Date: _________________________ ________________________

Signature of Clerk or Deputy Clerk

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4. Самостоятельная работа. Используя различные источники (Интернет, Гражданский процессуальный кодекс), найдите образцы повесток в суд в России и ответьте на вопросы.

1.Who usually receives summons?

2.How are summons delivered to the participants of the trial?

3.What information does the summons include?

4.What happens if somebody refuses to accept a summons?

5.Compare American and Russian summons. What does it have in common? What is different?

LANGUAGE IN USE

Повторение грамматики: причастие в функции определения, обстоятельства, объектный падеж с причастием

исамостоятельный причастный оборот

1.Причастие в функции определения (Present Participle Active, Present Participle Passive, Past Participle Passive):

The judge presiding over the trial was totally impartial.

The witness being questioned by the prosecutor is giving false testimony. The judgments made by the court should always be fair.

2.Причастие в функции обстоятельства (any Participle forms):

While hearing the case, the judge dealt with different evidence. Being interested in this court trial, I follow all news.

Having given evidence, the witness left the witness box.

3. Объектный падеж с причастием после глаголов физического восприятия (to hear, to see etc.), глаголов, выражающих приказание, мнение, предположение.

The public watched the trial being broadcast.

The defendant heard his sentence pronounced by the judge. The victim saw the defendant coming into the courtroom.

Самостоятельным причастным оборотом называется такая конструкция, в которой причастие имеет свое собственное подлежащее, выраженное существительным (в общем падеже) или местоимением (в именительном

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падеже) и стоящее непосредственно перед причастием. Таким образом, в подобных предложения существуют два подлежащих: одно — в основном предложении, а второе — в виде одного из компонентов в причастном обороте.

Самостоятельный причастный оборот всегда отделяется запятой. Самостоятельный причастный оборот переводится с помощью придаточных предложений причины, времени и условия, а также с помощью союзов

причем, при этом, поскольку, а, в то время как.

EXAMPLES

1.Переведите предложения с причастием на русский язык.

1.The lawyer received a brief written by his assistant.

2.The defendant heard his sentence pronounced by the judge.

3.The defendant felt the victim watching him.

4.Trying the case this judge was very attentive.

5.The Patents Court of the Chancery Division deals with cases concerning intellectual property, copyright, patents and trademarks, including passing off.

6.Military courts consider disputes involving military personnel.

2.Переведите предложения с самостоятельным причастным оборотом на русский язык.

1.Russia being composed of over eighty subjects, the system of courts is divided into two levels.

2.The qualifying judicial board receiving complain about a judge’s activity, the judge could be subject a disciplinary penalty.

3.The Constitutional court has jurisdiction to decide whether a federal law is consistent with the country’s Constitution, Constitutional Courts of the Subjects of the Russian Federation interpreting Regional Constitutions and Charters.

4.Appeals against decisions of justices of the peace go to district courts, the decisions of which being final.

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5.The court being the mechanism of justice, any citizen should have the free access to the justice.

6.With the judicial reform having been carried out, Russian system of justice changed.

7.The system of courts of general jurisdiction has four-tiered structure, with the Supreme Court being on top.

8.The Supreme Court has jurisdiction to supervise over the courts of lower level, Courts of the subjects of the Russian Federation supervising over subordinate district courts.

9.The Regulation of the Supreme Court being passed, all courts become legally binding to follow it.

10.The ten Federal District Arbitration Courts act as court of cassation only, the Appellate Courts considering appeals as a re-hearing with new evidence.

3.Преобразуйте предложения, используя причастие в нужной форме или самостоятельный причастный оборот.

EXAMPLE

1.As the US government is divided into federal and state, the court system consists of federal and state courts.

The US government being divided into federal and state, the court system consists of federal and state courts.

2.The crime is under state legislation, it will be considered by the state court. Being under state legislation, the crime will be considered by the state court.

1.The federal government is supreme with regard to those powers expressly or implicitly delegated to it. The states remain supreme in matters reserved to them.

2.Traffic court usually handles minor violations that concern traffic laws.

3.The judge determines issues of law, while the jury determines findings of fact.

4.If the court has a jurisdiction over this case, it will take it into consideration.

5.When the Senate gives its consent, the President appoints a justice to the federal court.

6.After the President has received the consent of the Senate, he appoints a justice to the federal court.

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7.The judge, who presided over the hearing, made up a decision.

8.As the defendant had been found guilty, he was sent to prison.

9.The US Supreme Court deals with crimes under statuses enacted by congress, while Highest State Courts deal with crimes under state legislation.

10.The federal courts have jurisdiction over several types of cases that arise from acts of Congress.

4.Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя причастие в нужной функции или самостоятельный причастный оборот.

1.Если граждане будут смотреть судебные разбирательства по телевизору, то они будут более уверенны в системе правосудия.

2.Адвокат выступает от имени ответчика, а прокурор выступает от имени государства.

3.Так как свидетель был болен, судье пришлось отложить судебное разбирательство.

4.Если адвокату дадут больше времени, он сможет доказать невиновность подсудимого.

5.Судебный секретарь, ведущий запись судебного заседания, должен быть очень внимательным.

6.Публика в зале судебного заседания увидела, как судья говорил

сприставом.

7.Когда обсуждение закончилось, присяжные вернулись в зал суда.

8.Если судья позволит, прокурор сможет допросить еще одного свидетеля.

9.Дело, рассмотренное мировым судьей, может быть обжаловано в районном суде.

10.Дело, рассматриваемое сейчас Верховным Судом Российской Федерации, имеет огромное значение.

5.Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя причастие в нужной форме или самостоятельный причастный оборот.

1.Дело, о котором идет речь, должно рассматриваться Верховным Судом.

2.Споры, касающиеся развода, опеки над детьми, расторжения брака, рассматриваются отделением по семейным делам (Высокого суда правосудия в Великобритании).

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3.Так как была проведена судебная реформа, лорд-главный судья получил больше полномочий.

4.Мы слышали, как его имя упоминали на суде.

5.Если истец не доволен решением по делу, его адвокат может подать апелляцию.

6.Отделение по уголовным делам апелляционного суда рассматривает апелляции из Суда Короны, в то время как отделение по гражданским делам апелляционного суда рассматривает апелляции из Высокого суда правосудия.

7.Так как Объединенное королевство не имеет единой судебной системы, структура судов в Ирландии, Шотландии и Уэльса отличается от английской.

8.Будучи студентом юридического вуза, я должен знать, как функционирует национальная судебная система.

9.Когда обвиняемый был признан невиновным, дело было закрыто.

Использованная литература

http://files.stroyinf.ru/Data1/7/7090/ ЗДАНИЯ СУДОВ ОБЩЕЙ ЮРИСДИКЦИИ

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1367506/Showing-court-cases-TV- increase-confidence-legal-system.html MAIL Online

icj.org International Commission of Jurists. The State of the Judiciary in Russia. Report of the ICJ on 20-24 June 2010, Geneva, Switzerland November 2010. http://www.arbitr.ru/law/docs/10035300-002.htm Федеральный конституционный закон от 31 декабря 1996 г. № 1-ФКЗ «О судебной системе

Российской Федерации»

http://www.arbitr.ru/law/docs/10003670-001.htm Закон РФ от 26 июня 1992 г. № 3132-I «О статусе судей в Российской Федерации»

http://www.ceae.ru/urids-sud-sistema.htm Центр экономического анализа и экспертизы. Судебная система.

http://www.vsrf.ru/catalog.php?c1=English&c2=Documents&c3=&id=6800 Judicial System of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation

http://www.vsrf.ru/vscourt_detale.php?id=6806 Constitution of the Russian Federation

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http://www.eu-russiacentre.org/russia/judicial-system The Judicial System of the Russian Federation

http://www.uscourts.gov/EducationalResources/FederalCourtBasics.aspx — basic information about the structure and function of the US courts

http://www.justis.com/support/faq-courts.aspx#family — The Law Online. Courts in the UK

http://www.judiciary.gov.uk/you-and-the-judiciary/going-to-court/going-to- court.htm — this website explains the roles and work of judicial office-holders in the civil, criminal and family courts, and in tribunals.

D.C. Street Law Project at Georgetown University Law Center and Street Law, Inc. Mock Trials.United States vs Martha Monroe.

Ucla.edu. Goss v. Lopez.419 U.S. 565.Mary.Martin. Sample Legal Brief uscourts.gov Summons in Criminal Case. Summons in Civil Case.

Amy Krois-Lindner, Matt Firth. Introduction to International Legal English. A course for classroom or self-study use. Cambridge University Press.

Е.К. Старшинова, М.А. Васильева, А.И. Шилюгина. Практическая грамматика английского языка. Под редакцией проф. Т.П. Розендорн. 1994 — 238 с.

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PART VI

THE UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION.

HUMAN RIGHTS DECLARATION.

1.What do you know about the United Nations?

2.Do you think the UN is a governmental organization?

3.What city is associated with the United Nations?

4.Do you believe the UN should protect human rights?

5.Does the UN fight against terrorism?

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TEXT

History of the UN

Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to faci-letate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achieving world peace. The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue.

There are currently nearly 200 member states, including nearly every recognized inde-pendent state in the world. From its headquarters on international territory in New York City, the UN and its specialized agencies decide on substantive and administrative issues in regular meetings held throughout the year. The organization is divided into administrative bodies, primarily:

—The General Assembly (the main deliberative assembly);

—The Security Council (decides certain resolutions for peace and security);

—The Economic and Social Council (assists in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development);

—The Secretariat (provides studies, information, and facilities needed by the UN);

—The International Court of Justice (the primary judicial organ). Additional bodies deal with the governance of all other UN System agencies,

such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children`s Fund (UNICEF). The UN`s most visible public figure is the Secretary-General, currently Ban Ki-moon of South Korea, who attained the post in 2007. The organization is financed from assessed and volun-tary contributions from its member states, and has six official languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.

The UN was founded as a successor to the League of Nations, which was widely consi-dered to have been ineffective in its role as an international governing body, as it had been unable to prevent World War II. The term “United Nations” was first used by Winston Chur-chill and Franklin D. Roosevelt, in the 1942 Declaration by United Nations, which united the Allied counties of WWII under the Atlantic Charter, and soon became a term widely used to refer

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